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Explorations in Turkestan : Expedition of 1904 : vol.1 |
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which with the number III we will distinguish from that of the North Kurgan.
The pottery (groups 3 to 5 mentioned above) falls into three groups of the finer
technique, to which is added a fourth group, consisting of coarse service vessels.
(a) Light-colored Clay.
Technique.—In most cases the clay has a gray-greenish or whitish-green
color, always in a light tone; greenish-yellow or light-yellow clay also occurs.
Now and then a fragment is yellow in the fracture and of a greenish shade on the
surface; otherwise the surface corresponds to the fracture. I will remark here
that the clay is seldom reddened through firing, in contrast with the pottery of
the upper layers, where the vessels made of red clay have an entirely different
character. The firing is never so firm and hard, even to brittleness, as that of the
pottery of the upper strata. Otherwise, however, the technique stands at the
height of development—the
very fine-washed clay is
always turned on the wheel,
hand-work in this material
being an exception. Thin-
walled cups of very fine
quality show to what perfec-
tion the wheel technique was
brought.
Forms.—The forms cor-
respond in superior quality
to the technique and are very
rich. We have only a few
whole vessels, but the great
mass of the pottery fragments
yields the following series:
(A) Large, kettle-shaped
vessels with narrow
mouths and simple
profiles (figs. 141–147).
An entire vessel, height
34 cm., is shown in plate 10, fig. 1. Its lower part is sharply set off from
the belly and drawn in with an arched form peculiar to the larger vessels
of this pottery.
(B) Larger and smaller deep cups with wide mouth (figs. 148–152). A vessel,
height 7.2 cm. in contour, is shown in fig. 153, and plate 10, fig. 2.
(C) Fine and, in part, very thin-walled bowls, with more or less sharp profiles
(figs. 154–160). A broken piece, height 9.5 cm., is shown in plate 10,
fig. 3. These forms all show high feet (see below).
(D) Thick-walled dishes with various lip forms (figs. 161–165).
(E) Beakers, in part very fine; thin-walled, and in different forms, some deli-
cately curved, others with walls bent back (figs. 166–168), or with fine
horizontal grooves as in fig. 169. Broken specimens, height 11.2 to 13.6
cm., on plate 11, figs. 1–3.
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418
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