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| 0061 |
Explorations in Turkestan : Expedition of 1904 : vol.2 |
Captions
| [Figure] 457 |
Section of Glacier-thrusted Alluvium in the Zerafshan Valley, 45 Miles below the Glacier. |
Citation Information
OCR Text
site Packshiff some of this moraine is seen standing on an irregular surface of allu-vium scraped over by ice and partly buried by later waste. So the second glacial epoch came to a close as the third-cycle gorge continued filling. While aggrading, the valley had widened and, ere the next uplift came, established the present terrace G.
FOURTH EROSION CYCLE.
Cycle 4, with the last uplift, has resulted in the present canyon, a channel incised from the last meander held by the river at stage G and thus crossing often the old-filled valley of the third cycle. And in its present torrential fall of nearly 6,000 feet in 150 miles it must be rapidly cutting down. Indeed, the deep rumble and grinding of cobbles heard beneath the river's roar is ample indication of corrasion.
The Zerafshan glacier, with its ancient moraine, its relation to other glaciers and uplift, the fine grindings it has supplied to loess steppes, and its influence on civilization, becomes of great interest. Only one epoch of abandoned moraine could be distinguished, and that remarkably far-reaching and of such antiquity that it must be classed as belonging to the first or second of the glacial periods. I have attributed it to the second, because it still rises from terrace G in good pres-ervation. Nowhere has the first epoch moraine been seen with its topography preserved. Recently the glacier has advanced into a part of the valley that had been ice-free for so long that its sides had struck an even slope to the flood-plain
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