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| 0428 |
On Ancient Central-Asian Tracks : vol.1 |
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have made these very extensive open valleys very attractive
ground to nomadic tribes of early times such as the Yüeh-
chih, the later Indo-Scythians and the Huns.
But we all suffered a great deal from almost daily down-
pours of icy rain and sleet, and from the extensive bogs we
encountered at the head of the great valleys and even on
the broad watershed plateaux towards the Pacific drainage.
The natural difficulties were increased very considerably by
the helplessness of our Chinese ponymen and what I may
politely call their deep-rooted physical aversion from taking
risks. Again and again they made organized attempts at
desertion which threatened to leave us without transport,
but luckily they could be suppressed without frustrating
our plans.
By marches aggregating over 400 miles, we managed
during August to cross and survey in detail the three north-
ernmost ranges of the Central Nan-shan, all rising to snowy
peaks of 18,000 to 19,000 feet, between the longitudes of
Su-chou and Kan-chou. In the course of these surveys all
rivers descending to the oases as well as the Su-lo-ho were
explored to their glacier-fed sources. The magnificent ice-
crowned range which divides the headwaters of the Su-lo-ho
from the Khara-nor and Koko-nor drainage was surveyed
along its northern face, and proved to rise both in height of
individual peaks (over 20,000 feet) and of crest-line consider-
ably above the northern ranges.
From the wide mountain-girt basin some 13,000 feet high
containing the Su-lo-ho sources (Fig. 77), we made our way
over bog-covered uplands to the headwaters of the Ta-
t'ung river, where we touched the Pacific drainage. Thence
we regained the upper valley of the Kan-chou river and
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168
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466
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477
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491
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502
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513
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525
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537
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550
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561
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571
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578
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