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| 0472 |
Sand-Buried Ruins of Khotan : vol.1 |
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the enclosing ramparts cleared of sand. These excavations furnished
interesting data as to the methods of construction employed, but
failed to throw much light on the original destination of the whole
of this ruined settlement. The large brick building to the east of
the temple, of which a portion left exposed by the sand is seen on
p. 409, occupies with its massive walls of sun-dried bricks three
sides of a quadrangle over 100 feet square. The dimensions
of its rooms suggest public use; but as, with the exception of a
walled fireplace or two, they were found completely empty, there
was nothing to prove the true character of the structure. Were
these the quarters of a well-to-do monastic establishment which
found it advisable to protect itself by walls and ramparts? Or do
the latter mark a fortified frontier-post which sheltered also a
Buddhist temple?
In a row of small rooms built of timber and plaster, which stood
to the north of the shrine, there was one that appeared to have
served as a little chapel. Its wall on one side was occupied by an
elaborate fresco, which seems to have represented a Buddha
surrounded by his former epiphanies. The wall had been broken
at 5 feet from the ground, but the colours and outlines of the
remaining part were in very fair preservation. In the same little
room we found a well-executed small painting on wood, showing the
familiar figure of the elephant-headed Indian god of wisdom,
Ganesha. To the south of the temple my excavations revealed a
small double-storied building, of which, however, only the lower
floor rooms remained. They had no doors, and were evidently
underground apartments intended for use in the winter. The large
fireplace found in one of them, with its elaborate mouldings, is seen
in the photograph reproduced on p. 421.
The circumvallation, which originally consisted of a solid rampart
of clay about 30 feet broad at the base and 17½ feet high, had survived
only in parts of the south face, flanking a gate, and in much decayed
segments elsewhere. On the top of the ramparts ran a parapet of
brickwork 5½ feet high, and behind it a platform that seems to have
been paved with bundles of brushwood, manifestly for the sake of
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342
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402
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412
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422
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432
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442
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462
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470
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482
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492
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502
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512
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522
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532
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542
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552
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563
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573
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