Ancient Khotan : vol.1 / 99 ページ（白黒高解像度画像）

0099	Ancient Khotan : vol.1
古代コータン : vol.1

sufficed to open for the latter all roads as far as Kapíśa¹⁰. In that very year T'ung Shih-hu
Kagan was murdered, and with his death the confederacy of the ten tribes constituting the
Western Turks broke up into two great groups, each apparently under a succession of separate
Kagans, and engaged in constant hostilities.

The Chinese, who in the same year, 630 A.D., had succeeded in defeating and finally Reassertion
subjugating the Northern Turks, did not fail to profit by the internal feuds of the Western of Chinese
T'u-chüeh, and gradually set about to reduce the territories which once formed the western influence.
dependencies of their empire. In 640 an Imperial army crossed the great desert and occupied
Kao-ch'ang or Turfān, whose prince had already, in 630, paid homage at the Chinese court, but
had subsequently proved refractory. The Protectorate of An-hsi was established in that territory,
strategically so important for an advance westwards, and a garrison placed there¹¹. In 644 A.D.
the king of Kara-shahr, who had in 632 sent an embassy to the Imperial court, but had
afterwards sought independence by an alliance with the Western Turks, was vanquished and
carried off as a prisoner. Already, in 641, the internal dissensions of the Turks had given the
Emperor T'ai-tsung the opportunity of installing a nominee of his own, Yi-p'i shih-kuei Kagan,
as chief over the western division of the tribes. Envoys sent by him with tribute arrived at
the Imperial court. When the Turkish Kagan, in the year 646, asked for the hand of a
Chinese princess, T'ai-tsung claimed in return the states of Kuchā, Khotan, Kāshgar, Kar-
ghalik (Chu-chü-po), and Ts'ung-ling or Sarīkol as a marriage gift¹².

The possession of the whole of the Tārim Basin which this claim implied was not to be Reconquest
attained by such means. T'ai-tsung then set about to conquer the territories he had failed to of the Tārim
secure through diplomacy, and had reduced Kuchā before he died in 649 A.D.¹³. The king of Basin.
Khotan, too, impressed by this victory of the Chinese arms, hastened to make his submission
and to resume allegiance to the Empire, the tradition of which had probably never ceased
completely in that state¹⁴. Under Kao-tsung, who succeeded to the imperial throne (650–
683 A.D.), the policy of expansion westwards was maintained with vigour, and soon led to
unexpected triumphs. After the death of T'ai-tsung a Kagan called Ho-lu, who had previously
sought refuge within the north-western border of the Empire, revolted, and within a short time
established his ascendancy over the whole of the Western Turk tribes. But this revival of
Turkish power was short-lived. In a series of campaigns extending from 652–658 the Imperial
armies, valiantly supported by the Uigurs, vanquished in succession the Karluks and other
allies of the Turks, and finally defeated the latter under Ho-lu himself in a decisive battle on
the Ili. With the capture of Ho-lu, who had fled to Tāshkend, in 658 A.D., the dominion of
the Western Turks came finally to an end, and China could proceed to annex officially the
whole of the vast region over which the Turkish Kagans had ruled, or at least asserted
a nominal sovereignty¹⁵.

The administrative organization which the Chinese proceeded to give to their huge conquests, Organiza-
extending to Kābul in the south and to the confines of Persia westwards, is detailed in the T'ang tion of the
Annals, forming a document of the greatest interest for the history and geography of Central conquered
territories.

国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

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国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト 『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

引用情報

OCR読み取り結果

国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ