国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
|
|
カラー画像サムネイル -
目次 -
ページ番号 -
書誌情報（メタデータ） -
キャプション -
カラー画像 -
白黒高解像度画像 -
見開きページ -
グラフィック -
| 0287 |
Ancient Khotan : vol.1 |
| 古代コータン : vol.1 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
of two miles indicated by Hsüan-tsang which, on the ground of local tradition or worship, could
be connected with the ancient Buddhist shrine. There is, indeed, a much-frequented Muhammadan
shrine, the Mazār of Imām-Mūsā-Qāsim, at Kōsa due south of Yōtkan, but the distance is close
on six miles, and thus far beyond Hsüan-tsang's estimate. If we adopt the *Pei shih's* distance
of 50 li, or approximately 10 miles, the difficulty seems at first sight equally great, for beyond
Imām-Mūsā-Qāsim's Mazār and the village of Kōsa there stretches towards the hills the barren
pebble Sai, where a grove, such as both Hsüan-tsang and the Annals of Li-yul mention in
connexion with Vairocana's convent, could never have existed.
The difficulties thus encountered will explain why I feel induced to discuss here the possibility Site of
of an identification which, though purely conjectural for the present, deserves some attention. *Jamada.*
Immediately before proceeding to Yōtkan I had, on November 24, visited the ancient sites of
Jamada and Chalma-kazān to the south of the oasis, and not far from the left bank of the
Yurung-kāsh. The former is a typical *Tati* closely adjoining the irrigated area of Jamada
village (see map), where the eroded loess soil for a distance of about one mile from east to
west and for about half a mile across is strewn with ancient potsherds. Old Chinese coins are
said to be picked up here; but Wang-Daloi, an intelligent Chinaman trading in jade who
acted as my guide here as well as at the jade-pits further south, had unfortunately mixed up
his specimens with those he had collected from Yōtkan and elsewhere. Hence no certain
conclusion could be drawn from his collection, which seemed to consist chiefly of 'cash' of the
T'ang dynasty. On the west and south rise loess banks, which the people of the neighbourhood
take for the *sipil* (wall) of the 'old town'; but probably they are only 'witnesses' of the original
ground-level which have escaped the erosion that lowered the unprotected loess soil around ⁴⁵.
Far more extensive and, judging from the mass of débris, more important is another ruined Site of
area known as *Chalma-kazān* about five miles further south, which occupies the plain, about *Chalma-*
1¾ miles broad, between the west bank of the Yurung-kāsh and the foot of a low gravel ridge *kazān.*
flanking the *débouchement* of the river. It is strewn with a vast quantity of coarse potsherds, mixed
here and there with small bits of broken glass and slag, and to a larger extent with stones
from the river which no doubt had served for rough walls. The soil is loess, manifestly of the
riverine type; and with irrigation the plain, now a barren waste, would present a very different
aspect. The eroded loess banks seen at various points of the area showed no great height,
from which it would appear either that the erosive power of the winds was less in the Yurung-
kāsh Valley than in the open plain northward, or that the period since cultivation has ceased
does not lie so far back as in the case of some of the ancient sites to be described hereafter.
In the middle of this area a low mound, covered with large rounded stones from the river-bed, Mound of
at once attracted my attention. It had been mentioned to me before by the villagers of Jamada *Chalma-*
and Bizil, who apply the name of *Chalma-kazān* in particular to it. Its well-defined round shape *kazān.*
suggested a Stūpa, and a closer examination proved this to be the case. Unfortunately, others
before me had guessed the nature of the structure; and a large trench cut from the east into
the centre of the mound and down to the present level of the surrounding ground showed that
'treasure-seekers' had been at work. The mound in its present state has a diameter of about
98 feet and rises about 15 feet above the ground. From the excavation made it could be seen
that the lower portion, which evidently served as a base, and of which a height of about 8 feet
lay exposed, was constructed of closely packed layers of rough stones. The cavity which the
burrowing 'treasure-seekers' had made in the centre of the mound lay above this, and disclosed
他ページへのリンク
1
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
11
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
21
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
31
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
41
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
53
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
64
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
76
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
87
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
97
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
107
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
118
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
128
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
139
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
149
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
160
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
170
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
181
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
191
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
202
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
212
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
222
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
232
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
243
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
254
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
264
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
274
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
284
285
286
287
288
289
.
.
.
.
294
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
305
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
317
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
328
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
338
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
348
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
358
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
368
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
378
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
389
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
401
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
413
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
423
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
433
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
443
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
454
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
464
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
474
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
484
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
494
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
505
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
516
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
527
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
537
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
547
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
559
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
569
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
581
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
594
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
605
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
615
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
625
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
635
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
645
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
655
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
665
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
675
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
685
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
695
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
705
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
.
715
.
.
.
.
|
.
.
.
724
Copyright (C) 2003-2026
National Institute of Informatics（国立情報学研究所）
and
The Toyo Bunko（東洋文庫）. All Rights Reserved.
本ウェブサイトに掲載するデジタル文化資源の無断転載は固くお断りいたします。
