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Ispahbad, referred to in Judaeo-Persian
document, 308, 570, 572 sq.
Issedon Serica, of Ptolemy, now Khotan,
134.
Istāmi (Dizabul or Silzibul), Khākān of
the Western Turks, 58.
Iuice, i.e. yü shih, 'yü stone', the
Chinese name of jade, 133 n.
ivory, carving (Kh. 008), 209, 222; die
(N. xv. 004), 374, 411.

Jabgu, title of the sovereign chiefs of
the Western Turks (Shih-hu),
11, 13, 58 n.
Jacobite Christians, see Christianity.
jade (Chinese yü, Turkt käsh), found at
Wu-sha, 42, 44; the jade trade in
Turkestān, 50 n.; jade found near
Yarkand, 87 n.; at Tāū-ho, 92 n.;
in Khotan, 132 sq.; mentioned in
Former Han Annals, 167; statue of
Buddha, mentioned in Annals of the
Liang Dynasty, 170; jade mentioned
in the Liang Annals, ib.; in the Pa-
shih, 171; in T'ang Annals, 172;
seals engraved in jade, mentioned in
Liang Annals, 173; mentioned by
Hsüan-tsang, 174; jade girdle sent
by king of Khotan to the Chinese
emperor, 175 n.; a Chinese official
sent to Khotan to purchase jade
articles for the emperor, 177; ac-
count of jade in Khotan in Report
of Chinese Mission, Posterior Hān
Dynasty, 179; jade sent to the
Chinese emperor, 180; jade in the
Kara-kāsh river, 187; at Yōtkan,
191; at Chalma-kazān, 234; from
Endere (E. 006. f), 442; jade pits at
Kumat, 472; from Ak-sipil, miniature
battle-axe (N. b), 482.
Jagāli Khālkhāli of Māchīn, ruler of
Khotan, 181.
Jamada, ancient site, 233.
jars, see terra-cotta, pottery.
Jê-Ch'iang nomads, mentioned in For-
mer Han Annals, 167.
Jên tsung, Chinese Emperor, coin found,
461.
jigda (olive), 131, 282, 337; as building
material, 449.
Jigdalik-bulung, farm, 383, 418.
Jinagupta, Indian pilgrim, connects the
name of Kāshgar with the Khāsas,
51 n.; mentions Yü-t'ien or Khotan,
172.
Jūroghavarsman, king, 367.
Johnson, W. H., visit to Khotan, 123;
route from the Upper Kara-kāsh
to Khotan, 129 n.; makes no men-
tion of Yōtkan, 193 n.
Jom loong, upper province, mentioned
in Tibetan sgraffito, 432, 569.
Joyce, Mr. T. A., on the racial affinities
of the Khotanese, xiii, 144, 145.
Juan-juan, invade Khotan, 170.

Judaeo-Persian document (D. 001), 302,
306; published by Professor Margo-
liouth, 307 sq, 570 sqq.; Mr. Cowley
on the Hebrew writing, 307, 571 sq.
Julien, Stanislas, on the name Ni-jang,
311.
Jumbe-kum, or Jumbe-kalmak, desert
site, 483, 502 sq, 506.
Jung-lu, small state east of Khotan, in
Former Han Annals, 167; in Annals
of the Three Kingdoms, 168.

K'a-tha, see Ch'ia-sha.
K'a-shih, see Chia-shih.
Kācha, village, 227.
Kāfiristān, identified with Shê-mi, 14;
original extent of, 15.
Kāfir tribes, extent of, 15.
K'ai, character in Chinese sgraffito, 428.
K'ai-yüan period, coins of, 234, 283,
576, 577.
Kakshal, 'Tati' near, 106; objects
found, 109.
Kān, title, in Kharoshtī document, 366.
Kāla-sulaghi, colony, 383.
Kalhana, author of the Rājataraṅgiṇī,
refers to the Dud'khut Pass, 2; ac-
count of the Dards of the Kiṣangaṅga
Valley, 3; limited knowlege of the
Dard valleys, 4, 51 n.; mentions the
Khāsas, 51; legend of the foundation
of Śrīnagara, 159.
Kālta-qerin, grazing ground, 444.
K'an, garrison town, 176; identified
with Pi-mo, 463 n., 522 n.
Kan-su, districts in, referred to in
Chinese documents from Niya Site,
371, 537, 538.
K'ang-kiu, 545. See Soghd.
Kaniṣka, the founder of the Yüeh-chih
dominion in Gandhāra, receives
Chinese hostages, 56, 57 n.; coins
of, found at Yōtkan, 205, 575, 576.
Kanjur, Tibetan text from the, 426,
549 sqq. See Śālistamba-sūtra.
Kanjūtis, slave-hunters, 24.
Kao-ch'ang, see Turfān.
Kao Chü-hui, his report on Chinese
mission to Khotan, 179; on posi-
tion of ancient capital of Khotan,
200.
Kao Hsien-chih, campaign against the
Tibetans in Little P'o-lü, 8, 63, 177;
march across the Pāmirs, 8; capture
of Lien-yün, 9; invasion of Yasin,
ib.; fame of his expedition, 10;
expedition into Chich-shih, 11; de-
feated by the Arabs, ib., 63.
Kao-tsung, Chinese emperor, relations
with the king of Khotan, 175.
Kapagan Kagan, chief of the Northern
Turks, 62.
Kapisa, see Chia-pi-shih.
Kaptar-Khāna, 'the Pigeon House,'
near Mauri-Tim, 85.
Kaptar-Mazār, 'the Pigeons' Sanctuary,'

popular name of Kum-rabāt-Pādsha-
him, q. v.
Kara-chilan, grazing ground, 453.
Kara-döbe, 'the Black Mound,' Tati,
remains from, 515.
Kara-dong, 'the Black Hillocks,' situa-
tion, 444; called Ak-tiken by Turdi,
045; route to, 445 sq.; excavation
of ruined quadrangle, 446 sqq.; ob-
jects found, 447, 451 sq.; ancient
cereals, 448; period of abandonment,
450.
Kara-kāsh, 'the river of] Black Jade,'
124; origin of the name, 132; iden-
tified with 'the upper bank of the
river' U-then, 163; formerly called
Gomati, 169, 186; silt deposited by,
196 sq. See also Yangi-Daryā.
Kara-kāsh, town of Khotan, 137, 268,
522 n., 514.
Kara-Khitai, rule over Eastern Turke-
stān, 183; occupy Khotan, 463.
Kara-kir, Daryā, 453, 468.
Kara-kir, Langar, 453, 459, 468.
Kara-kul Mazār ('the Mazār of the
Black Lake'), 101.
Kara-öchke-ölürgan ('where the black
goat sat'), shepherd station, 420.
Kara-su, canton of Khotan, 131 n. sq.
Kara-shahr (Wu-ch'i, Yen-ch'i), king of,
taken prisoner by the Chinese, 59;
included among the 'Four Garrisons',
60; visited by Wu-k'ung, 64, 536;
in Later Han Period, 168; pays
tribute to the Emperor Wu ti, 537;
under the Tsin dynasty, 542 sqq.
kara-su, 'black water' (spring flood),
94, 126, 445.
Kara Targaz, for Karātāgh-aghzi, 101 n.
Karachar, see Kara-shahr.
Karāōir-Tim ('the mound of the black
ridge'), ruined mound, 116 sq.
Karanghu-tāgh, valley, 129; mentioned
by Mirzā Haidar, 130.
Karātāgh-aghzi, 101.
Karātāghiz, for Karātāgh-aghzi, 101 n.
Karghalik (Chê-chih-chia, Chu-chü-po or
Chu-chü-pan, Hsu-chü-pan, Tsü-hu),
Chinese names of, 27, 28, 88, 89;
oasis of K. described, 89; Hsüan-
tsang's account of Chê-chih-chia,
89 sq.; his itinerary from Kāshgar
to Chê-chih-chia, 89 n.; the Brāhmī
script used in Chê-chih-chia, 90;
varying accounts of the spoken lan-
guage given by Chinese pilgrims, 90,
92; political relations, 93; road from
K. to Khotan, 94, 95; its antiquity,
97; described in the T'ang Annals,
97 sq.; by Hsüan-tsang, 98.
karmadāna, see wei-na.
Kāshgar (Kashghar, Kāshkar, Qāshqar;
the Chinese Ch'ia-sha, Chia-sha,
Chieh-ch'a, Sha-lê or Su-lê;
the Tibetan Gê-shig), king of,
Tibetans, 5; Chinese and Muham-