国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0146 |
Ancient Khotan : vol.1 |
| 古代コータン : vol.1 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
seemed in no way to differ from the fine 'sand' which was seen outside the little oasis and
along the edges of the torrent bed heaped into bare dunes and hillocks of varying height. It
was a striking demonstration how easily irrigation could transform this seemingly sterile waste
into rich agricultural land.
Drift-'sand' On my ride to Kara-kul Mazār I had been shown the little hamlet of Hāsa, only about
at Hāsa. 1½ miles to the south-east of Gūma Bāzār, where dunes 20 to 30 feet high, advancing from the
north, are gradually overwhelming the villagers' holdings. I regret I did not think then of
securing specimens of this 'sand' for microscopical examination. But every topographical con-
sideration points to the conclusion that these destructive dunes were composed of the same
'sand' which extends round the northern edge of the oasis, and which proves so fertile wherever
it can effectively be brought under irrigation. My observations of that day around Gūma have
been confirmed by those subsequently made at other oases. They showed clearly that extension
of cultivation on one side may proceed simultaneously with an advance of the dunes over arable
land on the other, and that in this constant struggle between oasis and desert the facilities for
irrigation, depending on human activity perhaps as much as on natural level and available water-
supply, form the determining factor. We shall have frequent occasion to return to these points
when discussing the changes during historical times in the conditions of oases further east.
The view of the newly reclaimed lands of Karatāgh-aghzi, and the fact of a belt of jungle
extending along the flood-water channels for a considerable distance further northward, naturally
suggested inquiries whether remains of old settlements could not be traced in that direction.
But all information I could gather from cultivators and local headmen was in the negative.
I am all the more inclined to accept this testimony because it agrees with the experience
gained by Captain Deasy on a curious expedition, the full story of which I learned subsequently ¹².
Fiction of It appears that Captain Deasy, having been in Mr. Macartney's company about the time
ancient site when Islām Ākhūn, early in 1898, furnished to the latter the above mentioned itinerary, together
beyond
Gūma. with some of his remarkable 'finds', was induced to propose to the 'treasure-seeker' a visit to
one of the old sites described by him beyond Gūma. Islām Ākhūn, though in reality he had
never been to any such sites, could not refuse to act as guide without the risk of arousing
suspicions about the truth of his story, and thus spoiling the market for his 'finds' among the
Europeans of Kāshgar. So much against his will the impostor had to start for the desert from
Gūma in April, 1898. Recruiting two local 'guides' who knew as little of ancient sites as
himself, he conducted the party for two weary marches north of Karatāgh-aghzi into the desert.
Nothing, of course, was found in the belt of sandy jungle and among the dunes beyond; and
when the supply of water carried began to run low, Islām Ākhūn thought it safest to abscond
during the night and to return to Khotan ¹⁴.
On the basis of the above inquiries I consider it safe to assume that no ancient remains
exposed to view exist in the vicinity of Gūma except those beyond Mokuila, which will be
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389
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559
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569
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581
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605
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645
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685
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695
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705
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715
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724
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