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| 0577 |
Serindia : vol.1 |
| セリンディア : vol.1 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
period through which the once inhabited area appears to have passed before becoming the desolate
arid waste that it is now.¹⁶
This leads us to the important question, still remaining to be examined, of the approximate Periods of
periods to which the construction of this shrine and its abandonment are likely to belong. That the construction
construction must have preceded the Tibetan occupation of the site will, I think, have been made and aban-
sufficiently clear by the observations already recorded about the actual remains. That the abandon- donment.
ment also preceded it is made very probable by the total absence of any finds suggesting Tibetan
character or origin. But it may help us to more definite chronological conclusions if we briefly
review the available indications as a whole.
In the first place, some safe guidance can be derived from the architectural decoration of the Chronology
Vihāra base. We have already seen that this is closely linked up by its Indo-Persian pilasters with of archi-
Graeco-Buddhist models of Gandhāra. Now it should be specially emphasized that this architectural tectural
element can also be traced at other ruined sites of the Tārim Basin, and in specimens which seem to decorations.
indicate definite chronological limits for the Mirān pilasters both upwards and downwards. On the
upper side we have, as already shown above, the important testimony of the wooden double-brackets,
ending in down-turned volutes, from three different ruined sites of Lou-lan. They prove that the
very shape of this member, as displayed by the pilasters of M. II, must have been prevalent in actual
decorative use throughout the Lop region as early as the third century A.D. Considering the very
conservative fashion in which the Buddhist art of Eastern Turkestān has treated the forms derived
from Graeco-Buddhist models, we might well be in doubt as to the downward limit of the period
during which this particular shape of the Indo-Persian double-bracket remained current, were it not
for certain finds, made among the ruins of Endere and the Domoko tract, which prove that by the
T'ang period both this double-bracket and the Indo-Persian column bearing it had already undergone
an unmistakable change.
Taking the double-bracket first, we have the very interesting specimen in wood, F. II. ii. 01, Develop-
from the site of Farhād Bēg-yailaki, some ten miles north-north-west of Khādalik, which is shown in ment of
Plate XVII and well repays attention. Here we have before us an unquestionably later develop- double-
ment. In it a modified, but yet clearly recognizable, form of the volute-ended Indo-Persian double- brackets.
bracket is surmounted by a second identical in all essential features with the double-brackets
characteristic of the Niya Site, of which specimens are reproduced in Plate XVIII and also in
Ancient Khotan, Plate LXIX.¹⁷ We also find the same combination in the pair of wooden double-
brackets, Kha. v. 003. a, b (Plate XVII), from the Khādalik temple ruins. Here, too, the lower
portion represents a modified and later form of the Indo-Persian double-bracket, the voluted ends
appearing as a particularly striking feature both at top and bottom. The upper portion is a double-
bracket of the Niya Site pattern, treated very plainly and lacking the floral carving of the under-
surface at the ends. Comparing the Farhād Bēg-yailaki and Khādalik specimens, it seems to me
that the former stands distinctly nearer to the models from which both the constituent portions are
derived. It is certain that the site of Khādalik was abandoned in T'ang times, towards the close of
the eighth century.¹⁸ As to the ruins of Farhād Bēg-yailaki, we shall have occasion to show below
that they probably belong to the centuries immediately preceding the T'ang period.¹⁸ᵃ
The columns which carried those Farhād Bēg-yailaki and Khādalik double-brackets were not Indo-
found in either case. But the latter site at least furnished a sample of the probable appearance of Persian
these columns in the lathe-turned wooden pillar found in Kha. ix and seen in Fig. 42.¹⁹ That its columns.
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