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| 0017 |
Serindia : vol.3 |
| セリンディア : vol.3 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
CHAPTER XXVI
THE MARCHES OF OLD KUA-CHOU
Section I.—THE OASIS OF KUA-CHOU AND ITS HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE
On June 13 I left the caves of the Thousand Buddhas with my acquisitions of manuscripts and Departure
art relics safely packed in twelve cases, and, after a rapid visit to Tun-huang town to thank my from
Mandarin friends for all the kindness and friendly support by which they had facilitated my labours, 'Thousand
set out eastwards for An-hsi. Three hot marches aggregating a total distance of about 55 miles Buddhas'.
were covered on the cart road leading along the barren foot of the absolutely denuded outermost
hill range of the Nan-shan before I reached Kua-chou-k'ou, a humble roadside station which derives
its designation from the ancient name of the oasis and marks its southernmost outpost.¹
The route followed is likely to have served from the earliest times as the main line of communi- Route from
cation. It leaves the cultivated area at a distance of about six miles from Tun-huang town and leads Tun-huang
beyond across wholly desert ground, scrub-covered in parts and elsewhere bare gravel. The to An-hsi.
character of this ground cannot have changed greatly since the troops and caravans of Han times
moved along it; for the torrent beds which break through the range of foot-hills, and in which
the few wells are found, are not likely in historical times ever to have carried enough water for irri-
gation. Only at one point is spring water with good pasture to be found in plenty. It is at Lu-
ts'ao-kou, where the bed of a stream debouches in a narrow gorge, draining the high outer range of
the Nan-shan and passing the little oasis of Tung-pa-t'u.² It is manifestly to this point that we must
refer an old legend recorded in the Tun-huang lu. It is of interest as affording indirect confirma-
tion for the above statement that the general character of the route must have already been the
same in ancient times.
That valuable little text which Dr. L. Giles has edited and translated from one of my Ch'ien- Local
fo-tung manuscripts ³ tells us of a miraculous spring situated 'three days' journey eastward from the legend of
town of Sha-chou'. It was called 'the Êrh-shih spring' after Li Kuang-li, the 'Êrh-shih general', 'Êrh-shih
whose expeditions undertaken against Farghāna or Êrh-shih in 104–102 B.C. under the Emperor spring'.
Wu-ti are well known from the Annals. 'In the Han period, Li Kuang-li's army, when on the march,
was suffering greatly from thirst. Having prayed to the spirit of the mountain, he pricked the
mountain-side with his sword, whereupon a stream of water gushed out and flowed away to the west
for several tens of li into the Huang-ts'ao [Yellow Grass] Lake. At a later date there was a general
who drank of the water when he was very thirsty, which caused him to fall dead beside the spring.
In consequence of this the water ceased to flow, only rising up to the level of the ground. Ever
afterwards, when many people came to drink, the flow of water was abundant; when few came, the
supply was scanty; . . . and these phenomena continue down to the present day.
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512
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522
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532
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542
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553
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573
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593
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613
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633
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653
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671
672
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