国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0042 |
Serindia : vol.3 |
| セリンディア : vol.3 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
1110
terrace at the foot of the cliffs on the right bank (Fig. 244) seemed kept in fair repair. This and the
cheerful appearance of the three well-fed Taoist priests holding charge gave to the place the air of
a religious establishment quite 'in being'. The visits of well-to-do Mongols from the high valleys
and plateaus to the south are probably of considerable help in the matter of pious support. The
three Tao-shihs, who claimed to have been in residence for over thirty years, appeared to know
little or nothing about the history of the place they were guarding. But from various indications
I concluded that, owing to its position far away from ground affording supplies and plunder, it had
escaped most of the havoc suffered by Chinese shrines on the main track of the great devastating
Tungan inroads.
Caves of
lower story
on R. bank. The grottoes of Wan-fo-hsia, though executed on a distinctly smaller scale, in all essential points
of architectural disposition and artistic decoration show the closest resemblance to that average
type of Ch'ien-fo-tung shrines which has been described above, and which may approximately be
assigned to the ninth–tenth century. This will explain why in spite of the pleasant stay offered by
Wan-fo-hsia I did not feel justified in extending my visit beyond two days, and also why my
description of its remains must be brief. The principal caves are found on the right bank ranged
in two stories, as seen in Fig. 244. The lower one opens on a terrace, about 20 feet above the
river; the other extends on a level about 50–60 feet higher. The series of five main caves below
starts on the south-east with one containing a colossal seated Buddha image, which rises up into
the second story and is there approached by the shrine I numbered xvii.⁸ Next to it is a cave
with a colossal figure of Buddha recumbent in Nirvāna, fully 30 feet long. Both these, like all the
other stucco images in the caves of Wan-fo-hsia, are abundantly restored and in consequence bear
a modern appearance. The five caves of the lower story are rendered very dark by the verandahs
built in front of them. Added to the effect of incense smoke this makes the examination of the
wall-paintings, executed here as elsewhere in tempera, difficult. The subjects of the larger panels
appear to be chiefly assemblies of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, set within a square frame of
geometric design, and this again enclosed within a circle or oval of elaborate floral pattern. In
some of these panels, I thought, the style suggested Tibetan influence. These lower main caves,
together with five or six small grottoes between them containing new frescoes, are the shrines which
seem to receive now most attention from resident priests and pious visitors.
Upper row
of cave-
temples on
right bank. The upper row of caves is approached by flights of stairs roughly cut into the rock, which
start near some small grottoes serving as quarters for the priests and visible on the extreme left of
Fig. 244. After crossing a deep cleft of the rock wall by a rickety bridge and ascending a roughly
hewn tunnel past a cave of which the front part has fallen, we reach the northernmost of a line of
cave-temples, xi–xxiii, extending on a uniform level. All of them comprise a cella, square or
nearly so, with sides varying from 20 to 32 feet; an antechapel, itself as broad as the cella, but
only of moderate depth and separated from the cella by a shallow wide passage; a high porch
or outer passage, in some cases 20–30 feet deep where it is intact, admitting light and air from the
face of the cliff, and visible with its opening in Fig. 244. The shrines originally communicated
with each other by means of narrow plastered passages leading from one porch to the other through
the facing part of the rock wall. But where this had crumbled away or become unsafe, a rough
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342
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352
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362
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372
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382
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392
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402
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452
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472
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482
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492
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502
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512
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522
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532
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542
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553
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573
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593
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613
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633
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653
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671
672
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