国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0109 |
Serindia : vol.3 |
| セリンディア : vol.3 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
(Fig. 271), I started the series of rapid excursions which were to acquaint me with the well-known Visits to
sites of the Turfān district. In the course of them I visited Kara-khōja, the ancient Kao-ch'ang Turfān
and the Turfān capital of T'ang and Uigur times, with its imposing ruins (Figs. 272, 277); the sites.
important series of Buddhist shrines and cave-temples which dot the sides of the narrow valleys
descending from Murtuk and Singim, and among them the grottoes of Bezeklik with their fine mural
paintings; and later, from the town of Turfān, the smaller sites along the slopes of the hill range
east of Buluyuk. With most of these ruins I was to become more familiar during my stay of
1914–15, and for the reasons already indicated at the beginning of this section any observations
I may have to offer regarding them must be left for another publication. As regards the local
conditions affecting archaeological work there, and the facilities which unfortunately they offer for
destructive digging by natives, a reference to my Personal Narrative will suffice here.¹⁷ A few
antiques, picked up on occasion of my visits to those sites or acquired by purchase, are described in
the List below.¹⁸
During my stay at the oasis of Turfān proper, where arrangements for topographical explora- Ruined
tion in the Western Kuruk-tāgh and for transport detained me for a week, I took occasion to pay town of
repeated visits to the remarkable ruined site of Yār-khoto (Map No. 54. D. 1), which was occupied by Yār-khoto.
the capital of Turfān down to T'ang times. Its peculiarly strong position between two deep-cut
ravines or 'Yārs', to which the place owes its modern name, half Turki, half Mongol, as well as its
ancient Chinese designation Chiao-ho 交 河, 'converging streams', is well known and needs no
detailed description here. The rough sketch-plan reproduced in Plate 49 shows the site close to
its upper end and will help to illustrate the situation of the town, which occupies the southern half
of the narrow island-like plateau. Of the striking appearance of its closely packed and in parts
very massive ruins, the panoramic view in Fig. 273 and Figs. 275, 276, showing the central portion
of the town on either side of its main street, will convey some impression.
The very extent of the area which the remains of dwellings, largely carved out of the live clay, Exposed
cover in bewildering confusion would have rendered at any time the systematic exploration of the condition of
whole site a very protracted and difficult task. Nor could the hope of adequate results have ruined
justified such efforts; for even a cursory inspection sufficed to make it clear how sadly the ruins of dwellings.
the dead town lacked that protection which abandonment to the desert might have assured them.
There was practically no drift-sand here to cover up any objects that might have escaped removal
after occupation had ceased, and constant digging by the villagers for soil to be used as manure in
the adjoining cultivated area had laid bare the natural hard clay in most of the dwellings, big or
small. Conditions for archaeological work were obviously more favourable among the ruins of
Buddhist shrines, to be found mostly near the northern end of the town and in the open space
beyond it (Figs. 278, 279); for their walls, being structural, had fallen in their decay and covered
the interior with heavier accumulations of débris. This explained why the partial clearings
effected by previous European explorers appeared to have been confined mainly to their ruins.
In order to gain some personal knowledge of the conditions in which antiques such as those Excavation
brought to me for sale by neighbouring villagers¹⁹ were being obtained at the site, I made of dwelling.
experimental excavations at two modest ruins which it was possible to clear within the short time
1
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11
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21
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31
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41
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51
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61
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71
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81
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91
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101
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107
108
109
110
111
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121
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131
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141
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151
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161
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171
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181
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191
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201
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211
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221
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231
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241
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251
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261
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271
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281
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291
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301
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312
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322
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332
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342
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352
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362
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372
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382
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392
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402
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412
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422
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432
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442
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452
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462
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472
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482
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492
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502
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512
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522
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532
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542
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553
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573
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593
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613
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633
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653
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671
672
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