国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ
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| 0263 |
Serindia : vol.3 |
| セリンディア : vol.3 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
The present name Ak-su is obviously of Turkish derivation, and the earliest mention of it that I can
trace does not go back beyond the fourteenth century.¹⁴
On May 6 I left the 'New Town' of Ak-su in order to visit Uch-Turfān and the little-known Start for
tract of Kelpīn in the outer hills of the T'ien-shan to the south. I knew that the Kelpīn region had Uch-Tur-
been but imperfectly surveyed, and information secured at Ak-su with Pan Ta-jên's kind help fān.
pointed to the existence of ruined sites near its small oasis and towards Marāl-bāshi. By visits to
these I wished to conclude my archaeological labours in the field before returning via Yarkand to
Khotan, where many tasks urgently called me. The seven-miles ride from the 'New' to the 'Old
Town' of Ak-su took me along the edge of the wide barren plateau which rises with precipitous
cliffs of loess from 60 to 100 feet above the two towns and the irrigated area adjoining them. Its
top is covered with large cemeteries, Mazārs, and crumbling forts or 'Karauls', manifestly of late
Muhammadan times. Of earlier remains, such as the presence of all the numerous modern shrines
might have suggested, I saw none. Yet plenty of quasi-troglodyte dwellings and tombs showed
what excellent sites for cave-temples these steep and easily worked walls of hard clay might have
furnished.
The two easy marches which brought me to the easternmost edge of the Uch-Turfān district T'ang itine-
lay across fertile and easily irrigated ground showing the same neglected cultivation I had observed rary from
on my way from the Tārim. It was ascribed here to scarcity of population and inadequate labour. Ak-su to
Both the river of Ak-su, or Kum-arik-daryā as it is known here, and the Tushkan-daryā which had Uch-Tur-
to be crossed en route, carried a considerable volume of water, far larger than is to be found in the fān.
Khotan rivers at that season. The second, though filling then only a small portion of its flood-bed,
fully three-quarters of a mile wide, was barely fordable.¹⁵ MM. Grenard and Chavannes have
already pointed out that these two rivers are correctly mentioned in the itinerary of the T'ang
Annals where it describes the route from the town of Po-huan, i.e. Ak-su, to the town of Ta-shih
大石 or Wên-su 溫 肅, i.e. Uch-Turfān.¹⁶ The first is named as the 'river of Po-huan', and the
second as the 'river Hu-lu' 胡虜.¹⁷ The distance of the first river from the town of Po-huan is
not stated, but a distance of 40 li is indicated between it and the second river. This corresponds
fairly closely to the 12 miles or so passed by the present road between the marsh-bed, marking an
old western bed of the Kum-arik-daryā (Map No. 19. D. 4), and the village of Terek-bāgh at the crossing
of the Tushkan-daryā (Map No. 19. C. 4). The 'town of Hsiao-shih' 小石, which the itinerary places
half-way between the two rivers, may be looked for approximately near the present villages of Bārun
and Chawarik.
A pleasant march on May 8 carried me from near the west bank of the Tushkan-daryā ¹⁸ to
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573
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613
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633
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653
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671
672
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