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*Chich*, in T'ang Annals, abbreviation of
*Chich-shih* (q.v.), 30.
*Chich-chʻa*, Fa-hsien's name for Kāshgar,
31.
*Chich-shih*, military colony at, *1236 n. 8*.
*Chich-li-fa*, Turkish title given to king
of Wakhān, 62.
*Chich-pʻan-fo* (Sarikol), Hsüan-tsang's
legend about royal family of, 72. *See*
Kiz-kurghān.
*Chich-pi*, Chinese name for Wakhlān,
60.
*Chich-shih*, or *Chich-shuai*, identified
with Chitral, 9 n. 19, 30; in Chinese
Annals, 30; Chinese rendering of
Kāshkār, 31.
Chieh-shuai, 29; imperial brevet to king
of, 29. *See* Chieh-shih.
*Chieh-ling*, signal-station on Tun-huang
Limes, *734*; location of, 735.
*Chien*, nien-lao, on Chinese wooden slip,
*594*.
Chien-chung period, *see* Chinese coins.
Chʻien-fo-tung, the 'Caves of the Thou-
sand Buddhas', near Tun-huang, 72 n.
579, 791 sqq.; first visit to, 585 sq.;
departure from, 825; physical features
of site, 791 sq.; archæological interest
of, 791; tenacity of Buddhist traditions
at, 797; absence of mod. monastic
community at, 797; old name, *San-
chieh-ssu*, 'Convent of the Three
Regions', 822; remains compared
with Khādalik finds, 163 sq., 166 sq.
caves of: lower groups of grottoes
served as quarters for Buddhist monks,
792; southern main group of caves,
792 sq.; number of caves, 792 n.;
porches and approaches of cave-shrines,
793; cave-temples at foot of cliffs,
793; T'ang tradition about first caves,
798; Lo-tsun and Fa-liang's caves, *ib.*;
restorations recorded, 800 sqq. 927;
oldest extant grotto, 936; shrines 1-xii,
927-34; xiv, xvi, 935; 'Cave of un-
equalled height', 798, 800; 'Cave of
Mañjuśrī', 801 n.
decorative art in some of the shrines,
926 sqq.
inscriptions (q.v.), 798 sqq., 808 sq.,
816 sq., 818 n., 821, 839 n. 11, 880,
882, 888 sq., 918, 933.
'library' of, 822 sq.
manuscripts: date of deposit, 809,
820, 827 sq.; Chinese rolls first
examined, 809 sq.; reason for perfect
preservation of MSS., 811; 'miscel-
laneous bundles', 811, 822; value of,
814; votive deposits collected in, 820;
hasty search of, 821; secret removal
of 'selections', 813; monastic records,
&c., 819; sacred 'waste', 820;
bundles dated, 821; 'library
bundles, 822 sq.; sewn up in canvas
wrappers, 823; inferior writing and
paper of later MSS., 827.
painted wooden panels, 894.
paintings (q.v.), 811 sq., 823,
831 sqq., 937 sqq., 1392 sqq., 1428
sqq., 1467 sqq.
pounces, 845, 846 n. 29, **892**, 969,
1044.
printed remains: Hai-hsia, 828;
Uigur, 828 sq.; oldest printed book
(A.D. 868), 822, 845, 893, 918, 1088;
mod. Taoist treatise, 828; block-
printed prayers in Chinese and Tibetan,
845, **893**, 943, 968 sq., 976, 1079.
sculptural remains, 794-6, 928-31;
character of, 795 sq.; gilding on,
796; mod. restoration, *ib.*; colossal
Buddhas, *ib.*
silk embroidery, *see* s.v.
textile remains, 895 sqq. *See also*
fabrics.
wall-paintings (q.v.), 794 sq., 809,
928 sq., 931-5; true fresco, 935;
'wind scene', 935 sq.
Wang Tao-shih, priest, 801 sqq.;
*see also* s.v.
woodcuts, *see* s.v.
*See also* Hsiao Chʻien-fo-tung, Wan-
fo-hsia.
*Chʻien Han shu*, *see* Han Annals, Former.
*chʻien fên*, 'chief of a thousand men',
691, *746*.
Chʻien-lung, Emperor: conquest of E.
Turkestān by, 564; construction of
mod. Chia-yü kuan (q.v.) ascribed to,
1118; Dzungars defeated by, 1138;
accounts of Turkestān compiled under,
1148 n. 5.
*Chʻien-l-o-lo*, *see* Gandhāra.
*Chin-lu*, *see* Ta-chien-lu.
*Chien Wu*, title adopted by Emperor
Kuang Wu-ti, *594*, 595.
Chʻien-yen period, *see* Chinese coins.
Chʻien-yüan period, *see* Chinese coins.
Chigillik-yār, earlier bed of Domoko-
yār, 203.
*chih*: name for silk fabrics used for
writing, 676; early Chinese term for
paper, 677.
Chih-chêng period, Chinese sgraffiti of,
at Wan-fo-hsia, 1111, 1113.
Chih-chin, stream of, 1136.
Chih-fo-tʻang, 'the hall (or chapel) of
the red Buddha', 54. *See* Kārwān-
balast.
*Chih-ma-li-pʻo-Kü-tan-lo*, title of Sarikol
kings, 72.
*Chʻih-ni*, *see* Shignān.
Chih-pʻing period, *see* Chinese coins.
Chih-shun period, Chinese sgraffiti of,
at Wan-fo-hsia, 1111.
Chih-tao period, *see* Chinese coins.
Chik-tam: routes to, from Shona-nōr,
707; routes from Hāmi, 1154 n.
Chilan, water-supply of, 1304.
Chilan-Kāshgar route, 1307 sq.
Chilapchis, metal hand-basins, 49.
children: as donors of paintings, 965 sq.;
represented amongst donors, 947, 955,
957, 966, 970, 981, 984, 1020, 1037,
1039, 1043 sq., 1047 sq., 1059, 1076,
1082. *See also* infants.
Chimen-tāgh, mountains, 324, 476.
chimera (?), figure of, on intaglio, 116.
chimneys, lack of, to fire-places, 280.
Chin Annals, *Chin shu*: Shan-shan in,
328; on Central-Asian embassies, 408;
Emperor Wu-ti in, 408; Li Po men-
tioned, 409; *Tʻun-mên kuan* and *Chʻi
liu* in, 1228; *Ssu-hʻi* (Kara-shahr) in,
1180, 1232.
Chin Annals, Posterior, on embassies
from Khotan, 320, 560.
*Chin-kʻang*, location of, 727 n., 1099 n.;
Yü-mên located at, in T'ang Annals,
1099.
*Chin-lʻing*, military command, 711.
Chin-chou. Chinese stoneware from:
(Vāsh-shahri) 307 sq., 316; (So-
yang-chʻêng) 1206.
*Chʻin-su*, *l'ing* of, 748 n.
Chin-a, oasis, 1122, *1134*; remained
outside Ming wall, 1134; irrigation of,
*ib.*; abandoned cultivation beyond, *ib.*
China, *see* Great Wall.
Chinars: in Tālish, 22; in Mastūj, 45.
Chindalik, salt spring of, 549.
CHINESE administration, influence, or
policy: in Chitral, 27 sqq.; at Charkh-
lik, 330; at Lou-lan, 332, 336, 339,
380; at Tun-huang, 586, 622 sq.,
839; in Tārim Basin in 1st cent. B.C.,
730; in 1st cent. A.D., 83, 330 sq.,
497, 412; at Chia-yü kuan, 1118;
evidence of Chinese occupation at
Vāsh-shahri, 308; extension to Turfān,
340; Turkish relations, 472, 474;
embassies, to Khotan, 320; at Tun-
huang, 622 sq.; to 'Western Regions',
690; references in report of Khotan
mission, 623, 1124; power in Western
Regions under Pan Chʻao, 696; natural
difficulties preferred to enemy risks,
585; foreign auxiliaries employed, 653.
defensive policy in Western Regions:
A.D. 9-73, 694 sq., 731 sq.; after
death of Wang Mang, 695; Chʻin Shih
Huang-ti's border wall, 723; 'strict
seclusion' towards Central Asia, 735;
defensive position of Chia-yü kuan,
1118; policy of seclusion in Ming
times, 1122; nomads kept out from
high Nan-shan valleys, 1128.
forward policy in Western Regions:
under Wu-ti, 336, 339, 408, 553,
558, 580, 621, 723 sqq., 741; under
Pan Chʻao (q.v.), 83, 329 sqq., 653 n.,
695-9, 696 sq., 732; under Pan Yung
(q.v.), 732; under Kʻang-hsi, 1118,
1123; policy served by W. extension
of Great Wall, 725, 728; *see* Limes.
Chinese architecture, represented in
paintings, 887, 947, 990, 1046 sq.,
1054 sq., 1065.