国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

broidery pictures, 897, 984; in paradise
paintings, 948 sq.; note on dress of
Lokapāla figures in paintings, 940;
dress of Bodhisattva, on painted wooden
panel, 1202; of Buddha figures, on
painted wood-carvings, 1218, 1222;
of Hārīt, on fresco panel, 1253, 1261;
of warrior figures, on stucco relief
friezes, 1209; on colossal fresco paint-
ings, 1275; on painted wooden panel,
1259. See also hair, head-dress.
drift sand, see sand.
drinking(?)-cup, held by terra-cotta monkey,
111.
Droop, Mr. J. P., help given by, xiv, 498,
500 n.
Drōsh, strongholds at, 34.
'Drum-lake' convent, mentioned by
Hsüan-tsang, 94.
drums: in paintings, 961, 977, 998–1080
passim, 1467; on terra-cotta figures,
99, 110, 111, 126, 1469. See also
Thunder-god.
ducks, figures of: confronting in textile
design, 905, 909, 971, 973, 992; in
paintings, 911 n. 10a, 948, 954, 961,
1040, 1049, 1077, 1080, 1084; in
textile designs, 951, 972; wooden
silhouette fig., 257.
Dufferin, Lake (Hāwz-i-Dorāb), 10; men-
tioned by Sung Yün, ib.
Dugga, name in Khar. document, 380.
Duldur-ākhur, temple ruins of, 1238.
dunes: (Rawak) 127 sq.; (Niya) 237,
241; (Endere) 281; (Lop desert)
354; (Besh-toghrak) 551, 556; (Tun-
huang) 593, 610, 654 sq.; (Nan-hu)
623; (Ch'ien-fo-tung) 791; (Chong-
tim) 906; (Hei-shui-kuo) 1132; (Tur-
fān basin) 1161. See also dawns.
dungeon, underground, 686, 761.
Dunlop-Smith, Col. Sir James, at Dehra
Dun, 122.
Durgā, goddess, figure of (?), on intaglio,
101, 103.
Dutreuil de Rhins, M. J. L., 219 n.;
Dhammapada MS., 243; its suggested
find-place, 95.
Duwa, oasis of, 90; mounds near, 92.
Dvārapālas, see Lokapālas.
dyke, see embankment.
Dyrta, see Ora.
Dzungars, tribe, 1123; fought by K'ang-
hsi and Ch'ien-lung, 1138. See also
Zungars.

E, = Endere, q.v.
E-tun, see I-hsün.
eagles: claw of, 251; figures of, on seal
impressions, 260–2, 1250, 1260; in
stucco, 121.
ear-rings, 49; bronze, 247, 385, 432, 439,
444; represented in fresco, 519, 541;
on grotesque figure, 122; on intaglios,
125 sq.; on painted panels, 174, 154;
in paintings, 937–1088 passim; on

stucco relievo, 201; on terra-cotta,
119.
earthen pots, from burial-place, 285.
Eastern Irānian (Eastern Turkistānī) lan-
guage, now named 'Khotanese', q.v.
eating sticks, wooden, 374, 433, 1288,
1292, 1295. See also chop-sticks.
economic history, importance for, of record
of monastic accounts from Mazār-tāgh,
1290.
egg-like object, on painted panel, 174.
Egyptian style of pottery ornament, 112.
Eleagnus-trees, see Jigda.
elephant-headed demon, in paintings,
974, 994 sq.
elephants, figures of: on seal impression,
231, 262; stucco relievo frs., 1195,
1203, 1210; terra-cotta, 103, 114.
heads: carved wooden, 1188, 1201;
on intaglio, 101, 126; stucco relievo
frs., 1195, 1210, 1280.
in fresco, 519; in paintings and draw-
ings, 943, 945, 947, 951, 979, 1000,
1017, 1024 sq., 1060, 1063, 1067;
elephant-skin cloak, 1078.
See also Samantabhadra, Saptaratna.
Eleuths, see Kalmuks.
ellipse, see designs.
elm trees, 387, 613 sq., 748 n., 792.
embankment, ancient, see Nan-hu.
embroidery, represented (?) on painted
wood, 175. See also silk embroidery.
Ên T'ai-chin, district magistrate of An-
hsi, 1095.
enclosures: rough enclosures built with
salt-impregnated clay, 602, 605; en-
closures of burial-grounds, 611; re-
mains marking enclosures, 644; cir-
cular enclosure near Korla, 1233.
fenced, 147.
walled: (Ak-tam) 76; (Lou-lan)
385 sq.; (Tun-huang) 575, 600,
658, 662, 667, 712 sq.; (Nan-hu)
615; (near Ak-lsi) 1095; (near Sha-
yang-ch'êng) 1100, 1102, 1104; (Chia-
yü kuan) 1119; (Hei-shui-kuo) 1133;
(near Hsiao-wan) 1139; (Sumkāgho
and Astine) 1155; (Chong-bassār)
1163; (Chokkur and Baghdād-shahr)
1182; (near Korla) 1232; (Gumbaz
Korla) 1235; (Mazār-tāgh) 1286;
(near Kelpīn) 1305; (near Chong-tim)
1307; (Köne-shahr of Hāsha) 1320.
See also circumvallation.
Endere: Hsüan-tsang's Tu-huo-lo (q.v.),
277, 286 sqq.; ancient sites of, 278 sq.;
two periods of occupation, 286; suc-
cessive abandonments of site, 246, 286;
evidence for reoccupation of earlier site,
277; dating of periods of occupation,
283; numismatic evidence for dating
site, 278; previous explorations, 275;
distance to Charchan, 277 n.
remains: stūpa ruins, 275, 278,
280, 286; Sadak's ruin, 276 sq.; tablet
found at, 270, 276, 290; mounds, 278,

280; pre-T'ang remains, 280 sqq.; de-
struction by wind-erosion, 281; ancient
circumvallation, 281, 286; its construc-
tion compared with T'ang fort (see
below), 281; remains of earlier town,
281; 'Tai' areas, 282; ruined post
(Yalghuz-oi) at S. end of site, 283 sq.,
286; ancient river-bed S. of T'ang fort,
284; old water-mill, 285; ancient
burial-place, 285; dwelling W. of
Endere River, ib.; date of ruins, 287;
coin and glass finds, 289; Chinese
coins found at, 278, 282, 1343; list of
objects found, 289 sqq.
T'ang fort: identified with Lan, 293;
dating of, 276 sqq., 492; Kharoshthi
doc. from, 278; wooden pillars, 279,
492; ancient rubbish in rampart, 279;
absence of cotton, ib.; underground
apartments with fire-places, ib.; re-
mains of timber, 280.
See also Charchan.
Endere River, 241 n., 274 sq., 284 sq., 294.
Endere Tārim, colony of, 275.
envelopes, Chinese, origin of sealed
wooden 'envelopes', 382, 669.
'Epoch of the Three Kingdoms', 408, 417.
Ephthalites, see Hephthalites.
equipment, military: records of, from
Limes, xxiii, 660, 678, 689; 'return
to store' of damaged equipment, 689,
704, 760, 783.
Êrh-p'u, Chinese name for Astine oasis,
1155.
Êrh-shih general, title, 421 sq., 1089.
Êrh-shih spring, legend of: in Tun-
huang fu, 1089; in Sha chou chih,
1090 n. 4; location of spring, 1090.
Êrh-shih temple, ruins of, mentioned in
Tun-huang lu, 1090.
Eros, see classical designs.
erosion: by water: damages walls, 452,
1094, 1138; damages remains, 1154,
1187, 1192, 1252, 1275; causes rapid
decay of ruins, 1181 sq.; forms ravine,
612; forms depressions, 628, 663;
forms ridges, 576, 642, 1224; forms
gorges, 1304; undermining, 792.
by wind-driven sand: forms depres-
sions, 215, 217, 237, 347, 354, 391,
1101, 1250; ridges, 354, 601, 1101;
'witnesses', 140, 197 sqq., 213, 237 sqq.,
280, 285, 303, 308, 354, 455, 537,
1510, 1308; Mesas, Nullahs, and
Yārdangs, see s.vv.; lowers surface, 130,
140, 301, 359, 390, 458, 534, 537,
572, 639 sq., 660, 1101, 1249; damages
or destroys walls, 129, 131, 178, 281,
387 sq., 457 sq., 569 sq., 592, 599,
606, 615, 637, 643, 684, 735, 1094
sqq., 1102, 1242, 1307, 1312; scoops
out ground, 198, 408, 1101; breaks
up hill chains, 1285, 1309; crumbles
rock-face, 792; other destructive effects,
138, 280, 301, 390, 458, 595, 1094,
1273, 1275; follows abandonment of