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『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

Li tai ming hua chi, treatise on Chinese
art, 883.
Li T'ai-pin, inscriptions celebrating his
sacred gifts, &c., 798 sq.
Li Tao-yüan, notices in his commentary
on Shui Ching: of Charchan, 297, 302,
325; Shan-shan, 324-7, 343; Lou-
an, 419 sqq. See also Lop-nör, Mo-
shan, Shan-shan.
Li-yüan Ho, river, 1129.
liang, Chinese char., on bronze seal, 118.
Liang dynasty, see Chinese coins.
Liang-chou, city: route from Lan-chou,
723; border commands from Liang-
chou to Tun-huang, 724 sq.; l.
ravaged by Hsüng-nu, 731; Hstan-
tsang at, 1142 n. 4ᵃ. See also Wu-wei.
Liao Ta-lao-yeh, Chinese magistrate of
Charkhlik district: help from, 311, 455;
his death, 455.
Lieh Kuo chuan, Chinese romance, MS,
ib., 918.
Lieh nü chuan, 'Biographies of eminent
women', 764.
Lien-yün, near Sarhad, Wakhān, 53, 55,
67; Kao Hsien-chih defeats Tibetans
at, 53-5; account of battle in T'ang
Annals, 66.
lignite fr., 449. See also seals.
lily, see designs.
Limes: border wall, use of term for Han
extension of Chinese Great Wall
justified, 725; analogies from Rome
and Indian NW. frontier, 696, 725.
remains of: near An-hsi, 603 sqq.,
1093 sqq., 1099, 1136-9; near Wan-
shan-trü defile, 727; near Chin-t'a,
1134.
Tun-huang Limes: main features
of remains, 736 sqq.; explorations
begun N. of Tun-huang, 587 sqq.; wall
discovered at T. xxvi, 591; line of wall
N. of T. xxvi, 604; westernmost
Limes at terminal basin of Su-lo Ho,
632 sq., 729; changes its direction,
634; possible extension, 635; south-
western flank of wall, 640 sqq., 739.
Westernmost wall, 633, 635, 656 sqq.,
739; extends along riverine section of
Lop-Tun-huang route, 553; com-
prises towers T. iv-xiii, 648; line
follows Lou-lan route, 696; analogy
of Roman Limes lines, ib.; line near
T. vii, 568, 571, 656, 658. Marsh
sections, 661 sqq.; wall extends to
Khara-nör lake, 572, 662 sq. Wall
near T. x, 662; near T. xi, 666 sq.;
near T. xii a, 669; well-preserved
stretch of wall near T. xiii, 681 sq.;
anc. track along Limes near T. xiii,
682; wall N. a, of T. xiv, 697; N.
of T. xiv. a, 698; section T. xv-xvii,
710 sq.; Lake (Khara-nör) section,
717 sqq.; boundary wall from T. xi
towards Nan-hu, 618, 621, 628, 731.
See Yü-mên kuan.

'Magazine', 712 sqq., 739, 757.
topography, climatic conditions, &c.,
of Tun-huang Limes line: guidance of
Tungan nomad, 590 sq.; topographical
order followed in description of ruins,
594, 632; use of lake and other
natural features as substitute for wall,
573 sq., 584, 576, 633; every advantage
taken of natural features, 600, 604,
634 sq., 640 sqq., 662 sqq., 681, 729,
736 sq., 740; wall replaced by marshes,
662 sq., 718, 736; 'wet border'
formed by marsh belt, 718; barrenness
of ground traversed, 604, 739 sq.;
line keeps away from river between
An-hsi and Tun-huang, 604, 1095;
marshy depression south of line, 603;
fed by canals and floods, ib.; decep-
tive ground near T. xii, 629; prevailing
winds blow from E. and NE., 643;
wall line parallel to wind direction
664 sq., 643; effect of wind-erosion,
569, 643; desiccation advanced since
Limes construction, 708; cultivation
impossible along Limes W. of Tun-
huang, 741; ground near SW. flank,
642, 663. Marsh section, 661 sqq.;
difficulty of tracing wall over soft soil,
664; marsh levels, 664 sq.; wall as
gauge for changes in level (see also
also water-levels); absence of marked
climatic change, 666; little change in
water-level and vegetation of Lake
section, 718; NE. Limes section,
603 sq. Limes line towards An-hsi,
603 sqq., 1095. Distances along Limes
noted in Sha chou chih, 735.
construction of Tun-huang Limes
wall: main features, 736 sqq.; use of
fascines in layers (reeds, tamarisks, or
Toghraks), 592, 736; measurements of
fascines, 568, 579, 606, 678, 735 sq.;
standard size of fascines, 651; rapidity
of construction, 728; description and
measurements of wall in Sha chou chih,
734 sq.; solid construction of NE.
section of wall, 605; dimensions and
materials, 606; technical skill of con-
struction, ib.; construcion near T. xiii,
681; construcion of Western end of
wall, 635; specimen of materials, 790.
See also wall construction, watch-
towers.
organization, service, and conditions
of life, &c., on Tun-huang Limes:
protection of Limes provided for by
soldier colonists, 742 sqq.; imperial
order establishing military agricultural
colony (see s.v.), 647, 663, 740; order
refers to extension of Limes beyond
Tun-huang, 740; locations of troops,
741 sq.; pickets limited by difficulties
of supply, 740; officers and soldiers
715 sqq.; military sub-divisions, 746;
names and stations of companies, 747;
t'ing (administrative area maintaining

a company), 747 sq. (see also s.v.);
watch-towers guarded by individual
companies, 749; border troops settled
in inhabited area, ib.; 'indigenous
functionaries' or 'local authorities',
(t'u-li), 648, 653, 668, 748, 752;
officers in charge of watch-towers:
hou-chang, 749 sq.; hou-shih, 750;
tsao-shih, 750 n. 44; military command-
ants (tu-wei), 747 sqq., 750; subor-
dinate officers: ch'ien-jên and sui-ma
('chiefs of a thousand men'), 746 sq.;
hui-chang, company commanders, 747;
wei-shih and shih-shih, 750; origin
of rank and file named in docs., ib.;
criminals impressed for Limes service,
751; 'garrison soldiers' (convicts) as
border colonists, ib.; mounted soldiers,
751, 756; watch-dogs, 752; fire-
signals (see s.v.), 752 sqq.; look-out
duty, 754; fatigues: 'delimitation of
celestial fields', 755; brick-making,
plastering, collection of material or
supplies, &c., ib.; temporary exemp-
tions, ib.; postal service, 756; control
of 'barrier' traffic, 679 sq., 693 sq.,
750; food-supply, 690, 756 sq.; cal-
culation of service period, 757; officers'
pay records, 757 sq.; arms and equip-
ment, xxii; cross-bows and arrows,
758; arrow-heads, quivers, swords,
shields, armour, and banners, 758 sq.;
stock statements, &c., kept of arms,
760; lists of clothing issued, ib.;
hammers used for tent-pitching, ib.;
medical treatment, 761; punishments,
ib.; official correspondence and notifi-
cations, 761 sq.; records of appoint-
ments, border incidents, &c., 762;
calendar records, 641, 647, 667, 672,
680, 763; private letters, 681, 762 sq.,
777; silk envelope for letter, 700,
763; literary fragments, 763; treatises,
&c., 763; writing extends to post, 681,
685, 763; anc. stationery (see station-
ery), 764 sqq.; hardships of service
reflected in T'ang poems, 748 n. 33ᵃ,
751, 756, 765.
history and records of Tun-huang
Limes wall: 722 sqq.; Tun-huang lu
and Sha chou chih, local Chinese
records of Limes in, 734 sq.;
evidence for dating, 593 sq., 595;
dated docs. relating to westernmost
posts, 636; earliest dated record found
at T. xxii c, 720; dated docs. confirm
accuracy of historical records, 728;
last dated record, 733; historical value
of Chinese wooden docs. found at
T. vi. b, 646 sqq.; Limes sections
mentioned in dated docs. from T. xiv,
691; abundance of records before
middle of 1st cent. B.C., 729; absence
of documents 39 B.C. to A.D. 1, 730;
line of Limes shown on Chinese map,
735 n. 30; the Limes since its construc-

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