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| 0192 |
Results of a Scientific Mission to India and High Asia : vol.3 |
Citation Information
OCR Text
In Hindostáni, also, as in German and English, the third syllable is generally
the limit of the accent, but the influence of the "quantity," as interfering with the
receding of the accent, has disappeared; occasionally we meet exceptions of an accent
on the fourth syllable, without a secondary accent appearing (as "unánimously" in
English, "verständigere" in German): in Hindostáni, however, most of such cases are
the more doubtful as it remains undecided whether the short vowels not separately
written exist phonetically or not. Oxytones are very frequent in Hindostáni, chiefly
on account of the dropping of a terminal syllable formerly existing.¹ In Tibetan
also oxytones occur in geographical names, but the cause is a different one. In Tibetan
such words being composed of monosyllabic elements in juxta-position, the accent falls
on that of the component part which represents the specific modification.
In general it is most difficult to decide between the proparoxytone and the
oxytone, chiefly on account of a secondary accent very frequently existing, particularly
if the word is a compound one. Generally we found ourselves best guided by getting
the words placed in a sentence and having them pronounced moderately fast. Where
the terminal vowel has disappeared, the accent becomes somewhat undefined. Words
composed with "pur," as "Indrapur," generally have the accent on the specific part
of the name nearly as well marked as on "pur." If the penultimate is long and
otherwise accentuated, it happens that words terminating in "ur" also become par-
oxytones, e. g. "Sultánpur."
Though not assisted by precedent observers in the use of the phonetic accent, it
was not found so difficult as was at first expected to decide its position. Native pro-
nunciation in general allows one to hear very distinctly which are the accentuated
syllables, whilst the quantity of the syllables and even the vowels themselves show a
tendency to much greater personal and dialectic variations.
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