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| 0296 |
Results of a Scientific Mission to India and High Asia : vol.3 |
| インドおよび高地アジアへの科学調査隊派遣の成果 : vol.3 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
Rápti with Saráváti, &c., sufficiently shows, how much care is necessary in seeking the
derivation of words less frequently mentioned in history, or words not belonging to
a language so well known as Sanskrit, but to one of the aboriginal languages.¹
There are also some geographical names parts of which have undergone most un-
expected alterations. As an instance, I may give Krishna, with its modifications into
Kishan, Kistna, Kirshan, Káh.
Occasionally, some assistance in finding out the meaning of a name may be
derived from the following considerations:—
When a name is applied to a district and to its principal place too, the meaning
generally shows that its original reference is to the town, and that only later it has
been extended over the district; as Nágpur, town of serpents; Haidarabád, Háidar's
town; Zánkhar, the copper fort, &c.² If a spring, river, tank, or lake, and an in-
habited place near them, bear the same name, the interpretation of the word shows
the latter to be the secondary object, as in Minchu, the perfect water; Hímbab,
the snow-descended river; Nainítál, Náini's lake, &c.
Nearly every language has instances to show of the fact, that, in the course
of time, the meaning of some words, which originally stood for something good, has
become indifferent or even bad.³ Such modifications may offer considerable difficulties
in interpretation if unexpectedly met with in geographical terminology.
3. MODIFICATIONS IN THE DIFFERENT LINGUISTIC GROUPS.
Sanskrit, Hindostáni, Arabic, Persian, and Tibetan.
The Sanskrit-Hindu names have a particular tendency to connect topographical
terminology with the sacred ideal beings of Indian mythology and ancient history;
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