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| 0044 |
Archaeological Reconnaissances in North-Western India and South-Eastern Īrān : vol.1 |
| 西北インドと南東イランにおける考古学的調査 : vol.1 |
引用情報
OCR読み取り結果
Nālā could nowhere suffice for a battle array such as Arrian definitely records
of the Indian army. The width of this ground between the river bank, itself
liable to widespread inundation during the rains, and the broken foot of the
hills is nowhere more than 3½ miles, and farther up it steadily narrows. Taking
Arrian's detailed figures, the front line of infantry alone, protected by 200
elephants at a distance of a plethron, or 101 English feet, from each other, would
have stretched over close on 4 miles. The chariots and the cavalry posted at
each of the wings must have extended the line greatly; and, in addition to this,
sufficient room would have to be allowed for the attack on the left flank as
suggested above.²⁸
In view of such plain topographical facts there is no need to discuss at length
other grave objections to the theory learnedly advocated by Mr. Vincent Smith.
It is enough to point to the absence at Bhūna of anything in the shape of a
'headland ascending from the bank of the river' or to the fact that the distance
from Jhēlum town to Bhūna is only 10 miles instead of the 17½ miles mentioned
by Arrian between Alexander's camp and the headland selected for the crossing.
At the time of my visit to this ground, and even later when the preceding
portion of this section was first written, I was unaware that the theory locating
Poros's camp opposite to Jhēlum town had been recently taken up in a modified
form by Professor B. Breloer. The results of the learned investigations devoted
by him to the whole complex of questions concerning the struggle between
Alexander and Poros are set forth in elaborate detail in his volume Alexander
Kampf gegen Poros. Ein Beitrag zur indischen Geschichte, published in 1933.²⁹
An examination of the ground made some time between 1929 and 1931 led
Professor Breloer to believe that Alexander reached the river by the line of the
Grand Trunk Road, that Poros's camp stood opposite to the present Jhēlum
town, and that the place where Alexander's successful crossing was made was
to be looked for at a point some 2½ miles below the fort of Mangla.³⁰ There,
at a distance of about 13 miles in a straight line above Jhēlum town, a small
valley holding the torrent bed known as the Pothawāla Kas joins the right bank
of the river emerging from the foot-hills. In the steep ridge between this nālā
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