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116 THE SHUI-TAO-TI-KANG ON THE SOURCE OF THE BRAHMAPUTRA AND THE SATLEJ.

Further east for 30 li the Man-chu-tsang j5u-ho comes from north to meet the river.

[The river Man-chu-isang j5u, otherwise called the Ma-chu-lsang ßu j5i-la, lies in the south-west of the Sa-ko tribes. Two streams flow for more than 200 li south-

wards from Hsieh-êrh-chung-shan and Pieh-lung-shan on the north. After receiving

three streams coming from Kang-chung-cha-la-ko-shan on the east, and further one

from La-ko-lsang-cho-li-shan on the west, the river becomes the Man-chu-fsangftu-ho, and flows south-eastwards for 50 li before entering the Ya-lu-lsang- ßu River.] The river flows further eastwards for 6o li, and receives a stream coming from south. Further east for 70 li a stream comes from A-li-Esung-chêng on the south to meet it. Further east for 8o li, it turns to the north-east, and meets the Sa-kotsang -u-ho which comes from Lake La -1u on the north-east, and which at first flows south-westwards but after gathering several streams turns south-eastwards to enter

the river. [The river Sa-ko-tsang- j5u, otherwise called Sa-êrh-ko j5i-la, lies on the south-east of Sa-ko Province. Its source is Lake La-pu on the north-east, and at first flows underground, and appearing on the surface, it has a sinuous course towards south-west for more than 400 li. A stream comes from Pi ftu-ta-ko-la-ko-shan on the north, and taking a south-easterly course and receiving a stream from Lalung-a-êrh-shan on the north-east, flows southwards to meet the river. Flowing further south-west for 150— 16o li, another stream comes from north-west, and further 170 li south-west a stream from La j5u-kang-chung-shan on the north-east. Further I oo li south-west, a stream from Lung-kan-shan comes from the west to meet the river. The river now flows southwards for 6o li, then turns south-westwards, and receives a small stream from the north; further to south-west it receives another from the west. The river then takes a southerly course, and after receiving two streams

from Kang-lung-shan and two from Chao yu-la-chung-shan on the north-east, turns to the south-west, and receives further a stream coming from Chi j5u-lung-shan on the south-east with another from the east. The river flows further for 8o-6o li south-westwards, then south-eastwards. The river is called the Sa-ko-lsang ftu-ho from here down to the confluence with the Ya-lu-tsang -u River for 150-16o li. The length of the river is I ,000 li long.»

Here again, in the description of the rivers of Hsi-tsang or Tibet, the source -of the »Yaru-tsangpo-chiang» or Brahmaputra is placed in the »Tamchuk-khapapshan». We are told that the north-western part of the Tamchok-kabab mountain is near the »Langchien-khapap» mountain, which, in this description is called the source of the lake Mapam or Manasarovar. This is also interesting because it does not leave any doubt as to which affluent to the lake the Chinese text regards as the source or main feeder of the lake, namely Tage-tsangpo. The statement is im-

I According to Rockhill Chi Chao Nan was also one of the principal editors of Ta-ch'ing-it'ung-chih; Shui-tao-ti-kang was, according to Rockhill, written in t 776. The resemblance between the two works depends, therefore, on the fact that the author is the same, or that he, in both cases, has used the same material.