paratuses were used their values were in good agreement. The thermal stratification above the ground was determined with the aid of a number of resistance wires that were set up at various heights up to 6 m. At the same time, the temperature of the ground itself was determined at various depths down to 2 m. These last measurements were carried out with as much accuracy as the practical difficulties permitted.
Wind conditions were registered at heights of 2 and 6 meters, and also in part at 8—io centimeters. The observations were carried out 8 times every twenty-four hours: before sunrise, at 1o° altitude of the sun, at io o'clock, 12 o'clock, 14 o'clock, at 1o° altitude of the sun, after sunset and between 21 and 22 o'clock.
On May 7th Professor YUAN arrived after his caravan journey from Urumchi. He had concentrated his geological and archaeological activities to the Bogdo-ula and the region north thereof. From Ku-ch'eng-tze he made a crossing of the Dzungarian basin northwards. When returning from Sinkiang for good he travelled to the north of the T'ien-shan, went rather north of Barkul and reached the southern foot of the Altai ranges on the border of Outer Mongolia. From there he turned south-east and kept mainly to the north of the route taken by our main party in 1927 between the Edsen-gol and Hami, passing to the north of Ghashunnor and then south of Sogho-nor. Finally he followed the northern desert road to Hoyar-amatu and thence down to Shande-miao, where he regained the outward road.
His arrival in Peking left only one Chinese among our field-workers, to wit, PARKER CHEN, and he had not been with us from the beginning. This, if anything, is clear proof of the trust with which our Chinese academic opponents from the spring of 1927 now regarded the expedition.
Towards the end of July I received two important communications from Sinkiang via Stockholm. One was that AMBOI,T had started out from Yarkend on the long journey that would take him through northernmost Tibet from Lake Lighten to Temirlik. From there he was to proceed to Tun-huang, where he hoped to arrive in November, and where he wished to be met by someone well provided with money and provisions, either CHEN, SÖDERBOM or JOHANSEN. It would, however, be much simpler to remit money to Tun-huang by the post than to arrange for one of the members of the expedition to go there. From Tun-huang AMBOI,T was to proceed eastwards, at first down the Edsen-gol and afterwards along our caravan-route through Mongolia. His chief task would then be to determine astronomical points, thereby fixing NoRIN's and my own maps and HEYDER'S triangulations from 1927 in the geodetic net.
The other communication was that NORIN had lost the whole of his caravan in northern Tibet under the hard physical conditions there, and needed 8,000 silver dollars to get together a new one.
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