国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

HUMAN REMAINS FROM THE NORTH KURGAN.   463

The femur seems very small and graceful alongside of the same one from individual I (plate 94, fig. 2). Also the modeling does not stand out nearly as sharply. It evidently comes from a small female individual, who was, however, fully grown; for there is no trace of epiphysis line. The curvature of the diaphysis can not be well estimated, because the lower part is missing. It seems to have been somewhat less than in individual I. The strongest curvature of the preserved part amounts on a length of about 8 cm. to 1.7. There is here also a slight pilaster formation, as is shown in the cross-section taken at the middle of the diaphysis (fig. 494, e). The index of this point amounts to only 108.3. The upper end of the diaphysis is flattened somewhat more in the sagittal direction than that of individual I, so that one can speak of a moderate platymerism (I = 76.7). Both trochanters are unfortunately broken off. It is also not possible to determine whether there was a trochanter tertius. The collum shows almost as strong a torsion as in individual I, about 3o°. The caput is somewhat less round, but still in its sagittal diameter hardly 1 mm. narrower than in the vertical.

The metatarsus I has a still higher index of length and basis width, — 38.8, which thus exceeds the mean for Europeans. The width index of the capitulum (about 4o) is, on the other hand, the same as that of Anau I.

A comparative study of the bones of children from Anau promises little result, as long as detailed investigations of the child-skeleton are wanting. Only two femora, which seem to belong to a child 13-14 years old, present some interest. Already on these are indicated the features that characterize the grown man : curvature, pilaster-formation (fig. 494, f) , slight platymerism, trochanter III, slender form suddenly widening out at the lower epiphysis (plate 94, fig. 3).

Lastly some remarks as to the presumable size of the separate individuals.

Using Manouvrier's tables, we calculate the height of individual I from the two femora to be 17o cm. , from the right tibia 170.2 cm. The height of this man can therefore be estimated about 17o cm.

For individual III we find the probable length of the whole tibia from the lower end to the foramen nutritivum = 349 mm., and the presumable bodily height would be 161 cm.

The height of individual V, the smallest of all, may be approximately estimated from the size of the piece of the femur. If we determine the probable middle point of diaphysis and compare its distance from the femur-head with the corresponding distance in individual I, we obtain for the whole length a measurement of about 378 mm., which would correspond to a bodily height of about 149 cm. If we assume the maximum range of error in estimating the middle point (1 cm. each way), the minimum length of the femur calculated from this range of values would be 361 mm. and the maximum 396 mm. These values would give heights respectively of 142 and 156 cm. If we take into consideration the fact that Manouvrier's tables are probably apt to err in the direction of diminishing the height of small individuals, we shall not make our women too high if we decide on 15o cm.