IIIFカラー高解像度
国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
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| The Book of Ser Marco Polo : vol.1 | |
| マルコ=ポーロ卿の記録 : vol.1 |
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引用情報
a
CHAP. IV. THE PASS OF DERBEND
53
very frequent name in their royal lists. [The dynasty of the Bagratidae, which was founded in 786 by Ashod, and lasted until the annexation of Georgia by Russia on the 18th January, 18oI, had nine reigning princes named David. During the second half of the 12th century the princes were : Dawith (David) IV. Narin (1247-1259), Dawith V. (1243-1272), Dimitri II. Thawdadebuli (1272-1289), Wakhtang II. (12891292), Dawith VI. (1292-13o8). —H. C.] There were two princes of that name, David, who shared Georgia between them under the decision of the Great Kaan in 1246, and one of them, who survived to 1269, is probably meant here. The name of David was borne by the last titular hing of Georgia, who ceded his rights to Russia in 1801. It is probable, however, as Marsden has suggested, that the statement about the King always being called David arose in part out of some confusion with the title of Dadian, which, according to Chardin (and also to P. di Castelli), was always assumed by the Princes of Mingrelia, or Colchis as the latter calls it. Chardin refers this title to the Persian Ddd, " equity." To a portrait of " Alexander, hing of Iberia," or Georgia Proper, Castelli attaches the following inscription, giving apparently his official style : t` With the sceptre of David, Crowned by Heaven, First King of the Orient and of the World, King of Israel," adding, „ They say that he has on his shoulder a small mark of a cross, ` Factus est princzpatus super huzzzeru»z ejus,' and they add that he has all his ribs in one piece, and not divided." In another place he notes that when attending the King in illness his curiosity moved him strongly to ask if these things were true, but he thought better of it ! (Khaniloff; Jour. As. IX. 370, XI. 291, etc. ; Tim. Instil. p. 143 ; Castelli MSS.)
[A descendant of these Princes was in St. Petersburg about 187o. He wore the Russian uniform, and bore the title of Prince Bagration—Mukransky.]
NOTE 2.—This fashion of tonsure is mentioned by Barbaro and Chardin. The latter speaks strongly of the beauty of both sexes, as does Della Valle, and most modern travellers concur.
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NOTE 3.—This refers to the Pass of Derbend, apparently the Sarmatie Gates of Ptolemy, and Claustra Caspioru»z of Tacitus, known to the Arab geographers as the
" Gate of Gates" (Báb-ul-abwáb), but which is still called in Turkish Demír-Kápi, or the Iron Gate, and to the ancient Wall that runs from the Castle of Derbend along the ridges of Caucasus, called in the East Sadd-i-Iskazzdar, the Rampart of Alexander. Bayer thinks the wall was probably built originally by one of the Antiochi, and renewed by the Sassanian Kobad or his son Naoshirwan. It is ascribed to the latter by Abulfeda ; and according to Klaproth's extracts from the Derbend Ná;nalz, Naoshirwan completed the fortress of Derbend in A.D. 542, whilst he and his father together had erected 36o towers upon the Caucasian Wall which extended to the Gate of the Alans (i.e. the Pass of Dariel). . Mas'údi says that the wall extended for 4o parasangs over the steepest summits and deepest gorges. The Russians must have gained some knowledge as to the actual existence and extent of the remains of this great work, but I have not been able to meet with any modern information of a very precise kind. According to a quotation from Beinegg's Kaukasus (I. 120, a work which I have not been able to consult), the remains of defences can be traced for many miles, and are in some places as much as 120 feet high. M. Moynet indeed, in the Tour du Monde (I. 122), states that he traced the wall to a distance of 27 versts (18 miles) from Derbend, but unfortunately, instead of describing remains of such high interest from his own observation, he cites a description vt ritten by Alex. Dumas, which he says is quite accurate.
[" To the west of Narin-Kaleh, a fortress which from the top of a promontory rises above the city, the wall, strengthened from distance to distance by large towers, follows the ridge of the mountains, descends into the ravines, and ascends the slopes to take root on some remote peak. If the natives were to be believed, this wall, which, however, no longer has any strategetical importance, had formerly its towers bristling upon the Caucasus chain from one sea to another ; at least, this
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