国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

I00   THE ARCHEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS IN ANAU.

dangerous through the undermining already referred to, and nothing new was discovered above the level of +19 feet 5 inches.

Terrace VII (see figs. 28 and 29).—In the southern extension of the upper trench, a little below the surface, we came upon two hearths at the level of +30.5 feet, one of which had a hole filled with an ashy earth, as in terrace II. Immediately adjoining each of these, but lying Io or 12 inches deeper, there occurred skeletons (Nos. io and 15 in the special report of Warner). No further finds in situ were found, although the terrace was sunk to + 21 feet.

The pottery found in the upper layers belonged chiefly to group y, i. e., to the older culture ; there was much less of the red and gray ware. Isolated fragments of red monochrome were observed as deep as + 24 feet 2 inches, but below this they disappeared entirely. The conclusions expressed above also apply here: the hearths and the skeletons must be assigned to the younger culture, since they stand at the same level with the ash layer, + 3o feet 7 inches, and the upper edge of the wall, +30.5 feet, in terrace v.

Terrace VIII (see figs. 28 and 29).—The predominant monochrome pottery disappears in the somewhat lower-lying parts of the southern declivity and the surface contains only isolated fragments of the red polished ware. The great mass of the fragments belong to group y. On the south edge of the trench, just under the surface, at +25 feet 5 inches, there occurred the remains of skeletons and four mealing-stones. Immediately adjoining these to the west, and but 7 inches deeper, there appeared the lip of a painted pithos (top diameter 19 inches, height 13 inches). With its broad vertical bands painted in chess-board pattern, it is an excellent specimen of this kind of vessel produced by the older culture, of which we found indications to the depth of +22 feet 5 inches in this terrace.

EXCAVATIONS AT OTHER POINTS ON THE KURGAN.

(See Fig. 22 and Plate 7.)

West digging.—No new facts were contributed to the history of the kurgan by the finds in the west digging. An earth wall trending in an easterly and westerly direction had been cut through between the levels of + 18 feet and + 10.5 feet. From its height and the finds accompanying it, this wall must belong to a building of the older culture. The only significance of the west digging in connection with the history of the kurgan consists in the finds of pottery made there, which connect the layers exposed in the terraces with those of the " galleries " in the Komorof trench. The digging yielded almost exclusively fragments of group y. Even on the surface no fragments were found of the younger pottery which represents the later civilization of the kurgan. This fact agrees with the observations made in the lower-lying terraces ; in terraces III and viii the older culture was met with directly under the surface. The traces of the younger culture must also have disappeared at the west digging, the highest edges of which stand at the level of + 25 and + 20 feet. Upon the surface here there was found the bottom of a coarse, light-colored vessel made on the wheel; but this stands entirely apart from all the rest of the pottery as a piece lying accidentally on the surface and in no wise connected with the development of the cultures of the kurgan.