国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

I IO   TIIE ARCHEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS IN ANAU.

feet 7 inches, pithos a, whose lip stood at +35.75 feet, must belong to an older period. Pithoi b to d must have been already buried when a was put into position. Thus, in the upper digging three different periods are determinable in the older culture layers, from their upper limit, which is between +37 feet 7 inches and +40 feet, down to the bottom of the digging at +2I feet 2 inches.

We may assume that houses with earth walls belong to the pithoi in situ. Since we did not find traces of the floors the absolute levels are indeterminable, but from the position of the pithoi we can accept the figures +37 feet 7 inches, +35.75 feet, and +29 feet, respectively; also +27 feet (lip of pithos d).

Terrace A.—The northern terrace did not yield as important finds as did the upper digging, but was of importance in considering the connection between the northern plateau-like extension and the hill itself. In this terrace the sharp inclination of the layers showed that we were not in the strata of superimposed settlements, which the finds in the upper digging had naturally led us to expect. In reality, we were digging in the débris and wash which had descended from above, • covering the outcropping edges of the horizontal layers. The finds are also to be judged in this light : that in each case it is not the absolute level of the terrace, but the relation of its position to the horizontal layers of the hill, that determines the layer to which a find belongs. Therefore, qualitatively speaking, the earth layers of terrace A are to be designated as " mixed." The masses of pottery fragments are to be distributed under the above-mentioned groups I to 5, I to 3 predominating among them with group 5 decidedly in the background. Therefore, the débris that has fallen from the upper layers is much thicker, the horizontal layers of the older culture periods being much less represented.

Among the special finds worthy of remark, there occurred a three-edged bronze arrow-point, fragments of an iron sickle, and some glazed pottery fragments, all of which will be discussed below.

Outer digging.—The conditions under which the layers and finds occurred in terrace A were explained through the observations made in the outer digging. Here the upper layers down to a level of +4 feet 2 inches yielded a pottery which was throughout identical with that of the upper layers of the upper digging. Indeed, a well-preserved pot found 24 inches under the surface and a pithos standing in situ, with a lip 5.25 feet below the surface, tend to complete the type-material obtained above. From these finds it appears that this low, northward-projecting plateau was formed during the youngest development of the hill.

In the deeper layers, between +4.2 feet and –4 feet, the pottery consists of fragments of both the older and younger periods, but they are so strikingly few in number that we may be warranted in supposing that a settlement had not yet been established at the corresponding level.

Other finds especially worthy of remark included a piece of glazed ware (of the kind found in terrace A) between +6.5 feet and +4.2 feet, i. e., in the layer of younger pottery; and a bronze arrow-point found between +3 and +2 feet, i. e., in the layer of mixed pottery.