Pithos a has, indeed, lost its lip, but the height of what remains is 33.3 cm. ; hence, the height of the floor of period III can be estimated at about +26 feet or a little higher. The position of the brick does not suffice to determine its height, since it may have fallen from above into débris. The clay chest suffices to determine the elevation of the floor of period II. As long as it was in use, together with its corresponding pithoi b and c, the floor can not have been higher than the preserved edge, i. e., +25.5 feet; indeed, it probably lay somewhat deeper, since pithos b (+23 feet), after being put together, shows a height of 65 cm. Pithos c at 23.7 feet has only 62 cm. height. The floor of the clay-wall layer is also undetermined. It probably lay deeper than its preserved upper edge ( + 20 feet), since the inner sides of the thick walls were covered with a layer of white lime and must have been still visible. Therefore, the skeletons can not he brought into connection with the oldest period (I). They all lie above the presumable level of the floor and must, therefore, be younger.
If now we consider the skeletons from the bottom upwards, a, Y, /, and e can be brought together, since they all lie between +23 and +24 feet. This position corresponds to period II. From this period are excluded skeletons r, E, 0, since they lie at + 25 feet. We must, therefore, assign them to the following period (III), of which the level lies at +26 feet or a little higher. There remain, therefore, for period IV only the two skeletons a and 19 at +27 feet. Here also it is to be assumed that the burials were very shallow—immediately under the floor—an assumption which is justified by our experience in the North Kurgan. If this were not so the skeleton groups would each have to be shoved upward by one period ; that is, skeletons 8, , -1, and e would have to be assigned to period III, y, E, 6 to period IV, and a as well as j9 to a still younger period, for which no determining finds have as yet been made in terrace B.
The buildings of period I seem to have been destroyed by fire, for the débris above it is much mixed with charcoal, and remains of burnt clay. It is possible that in the construction much wood was used. The layers of débris cover the remains of the walls and form the basis for the clay chest, pithoi, and skeletons. Skeleton e lies upon exactly such a burnt layer of the lower house-complex.
Figs. 48 and 49 will serve to show the relation of these layers. They represent the longitudinal sides of terrace B at the close of the excavation. A still higher wall is standing in the upper part of the west side of the terrace, between +32 feet and +31 feet ; it must, therefore, be younger than the threshold. At about the height of its lower edge there was found a well-preserved dagger-blade or lance-point of copper. At the same level, outside of the terrace and immediately below the surface of the hill, there was found a well-preserved and almost perfect vessel of group 5 (plate Io, fig. I). This find shows how the horizontal layers on the declivity come to the surface, through the gradually progressing deformation of the hill and there fall a prey to disintegrating forces.
Lastly, we must mention the principal finds.
As regards the pottery, it has already been remarked that groups 3 to 5 are represented until the level of +28.25 feet is reached. Below this, the ware of greenish clay, group 5, is conspicuously predominant. The red ware is really not
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