National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

152   ANTIQUITIES OF WESTERN TIBET

[Vol... II

of a few hand-written notes by the Rev. G. Hettasch, which he made during an itinerant

tour along the Dkar-rgyags brook. The brook is repeatedly mentioned in the

chronicle. As Mr. Hettasch passed through a district which is of particular interest in

connexion with the chronicle, I will briefly give his notes : ` Leaving the Lahul valley,

and crossing the Shinggo (Sin-kun) pass, we first reached Kargyag (Dkar-rgyags). Here

we noticed the foundations of an ancient castle. The walls are very well built. Then

we went to Draft-rtse. This is the seat of a Ga-ga (nobleman). Above the present village

is situated an ancient monastery, if not a whole town. Ste-sta, on the left bank of the

stream, is the seat of a No-no (chief). Between Ste-sta and Bya (Bcah-ba), the next stage,

ancient rock carvings were noticed. Bya is situated on the right bank of the stream.

Above Bya the ruins of an ancient monastery, and below Bya those of an ancient castle,

could be seen. On the bank opposite Bya ancient rock-carvings and inscriptions were

noticed. Copies were made of the latter. (These inscriptions remind us of those at

'A-Ici, in Ladakh ; they are written in an ancient type of dbu-med, and cannot be later

than A.D. 1000.—F.) From here a road branches off to the Phug-thal monastery. At the

celebration of the Tshes-bcu festival a dried human hand, which once was cut off a

Mongol, is publicly exhibited at Phug-thal. Span, the next stage, is situated on a brook

with a stone bridge. Above it may be seen the ruins of a castle and deserted fields.

Opposite Span, on the other bank of the stream, rises the town of Ichar (Gyi-char).

The town is still in its ancient position on the top of a steep rock. Above it we noticed

a deserted monastery and a square tower. The well-known Mu-ne monastery is situated

between Ibclia (Bib-cha ?) and Re-ru.'

Zans-dkar has the honour of having housed Csoma de Körös at the beginning of

the nineteenth century. The place where he is said to have lived is given in Duka's

Life of Csoma as Yan-lha. I have not yet been able, however, to trace a town of that

name on any map of Zans-dkar, nor does it occur in the chronicles. Possibly Yan-lha

is a clerical error for Bzan-la, a well-known village of Zans-dkar : see the next chapter.

As regards the many names of places contained in the chronicle, we may refer to

the map, in which are entered all the names which it is possible to locate.

TEXT

a~v•~~I~'a~~~a'~~'~'~'~~'~~'ä~'~~1~'~Iá~II 11~';i1z119'w)'S~'~)'-q I :4.1:14).~.xl.~:-N. I 171.7)xl.

xirR'r2:t'.*-3'1'6-;'111;•xl•al I~~(~~~~~)R-giq•a4)'~~~~~~~~(T21' ')'71ifil R'r24'1174'1q'2;IwS'ffiZiiq'

gq• 711' ITlY4' q'39'r2\§S'r2IcN   S'~1•c4;•1•q0"•)3v I 19•11a.13v•a~•17:13q•c6q•aa41q I va)•9 caq•

Y° I 'OEI'xi'W)'y4q'1'OEN'1:15291 I q'1174'syziyq';+))')3q   )'-x7A)'-ii)'1)'otal'"\e11'14'rq'   q'21)'

~ì~~•~~•~v ~•~•~•~ I ~~•~~•~,• ; 5~•~I•~1~~'~~'~'~ I ;is.vt.r.q.5xiq.s.zi.i4Y21.)N.T~.~xi3v )sq. yq I a':75'3.'A'g)'t;~'zis'741   1fl'f'OEs'94 a'   0'141MI' 'i4 I Zq' '   • rOE'

n   n n -v-   r   ~ ~ ..r   •.r   .,r. -,r   n   c ^r   n

~~1'v I ~~•~•w~•~~~~•~•~~'~'W~'~ I ~~'~~(~~1~)'~~~1'~'~'~•~~'~1a~1'a~ I ~v••~~•~~•~•a~~v••~F•