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250   ANTIQUITIES OF WESTERN TIBET   [Vol,. II

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TRANSLATION

In the following is contained the history of the Indian war, as told by the grand-

father Tshe-brtan of Kha-la-rtse.

This is the tale of the former king of La-dvags (Ladakh) and of the war with the

Sin-pas. During the time of the father-king the following [districts were inhabited

by] his subjects : [the region] from the Hdu-ii pass (Zoji pass) upwards, from the

Chos-hbad pass of Sbal-ti-yul upwards, and from La-hdar in Zans-dkar upwards ;

[the region] within the Se-hdu-la pass of Ldum-ra (Nub-ra), and within Pho-loni-hdra-

hdra of Byan-than. All those [who lived there] were the subjects of the father-king

of La-dvags. Besides the father-king none could give orders to them. To say

` Salám ' to the king of La-dvags there came annually from Kashmir [a Kashmiri]

calledMa-lig, and together with him about one hundred assistant pony-men. In

return to this, the king of La-dvags sent with a man from Kha-la-tse, called Drag-

chos-don-grub, various products of La-dvags, for instance, a yak, a sheep, a goat,

a dog, and also more valuable things. The king's steward was the minister

Ga-ga Phun-tshogs-rab-bstan of Sne-mo, the chief cook (storekeeper) was a man of the

house of Gsol-dpon (cook) at Wan-la. Chief purveyors in flesh were Sa-gner-pa (meat

provider) Stobs-ldan of 'Al-lci, and the magistrate of Rub-go, these two. What the

king wanted of victuals (grain) was brought from Ldum-ra, and a man called

Ga-ga Bstan-hdzin was the chief caterer of victuals. What was wanted of butter

was brought by the people of Zans-dkar. The peasants had [to pay] no taxes, and

there was no forced labour. When the biennial embassy went to Lha-sa, every village

had to send one man each to attend, and every [peasant] had to contribute two jau

(a coin) as his wages. Every village had to give two hides (for packing) for the biennial

embassy (lo-phyag), but the large villages three. Toll had to be paid by the traders

of Kha-ce (Kashmir), Yar-kyen (Yarkand), and Dkar-zva (Lahul), on entering La-dvags;

but it was not asked of the people of Pu-rig, Sbal-ti-yul, and La-dvags. Then a bride

was asked for the king from Khan-gsar (Ko-lorn) of Dkar-zva. Later on, as a son was not

born by that queen, they brought a daughter of the chief of Rub-go. To her was

born a prince, who received the name of No-churn-nu (boy prince). Formerly many

villages were deeply in debt to the king, and at the time when the prince was raised to

the throne the king remitted all the debts. Thereupon all the landholders were much

pleased.

Then, many years later, at last, in the ninth month of a Horse-year, a rumour

was heard of an army of Sin-pas coming from Ka-shir (Kashmir). Then a ` call to