Leaving the Chema-yundung we ascend over slowly rising ground to the N.N.W. To our left the two small lakes Kuru-chok are seen. The ground is sandy with some grass, here and there are erratic blocks of granite worn by ice and wind. Ronggak-chu is a little brook with 'II0 cub.m. clear water coming from the hills to the N.`V., and directing its very winding course to the Chema-yundung. From the point where we crossed the Ronggak, the junction of the Chema- and Angsi-chu could be seen to the S. 75° W. At Tünchung, Camp 205, where the Goya of the district had his 5 tents, the altitude was 4,987 m. (16,357 feet).
On July I 8th our road proceeds W.S.W. for 19.8 km. or 12 miles over a ramification from the little range on the southern side of Gunchu-tso. This ramification seems to continue to the E.S.E. between the Chema-yundung and the Ronggakchu. The latter receives some small brooks from the north, and is called, higher up, Tünchen-chu, coming from the Tünchen valley in the N.W. Where our road crossed it s tents were pitched, and from this place a road goes north-westwards over Pang-la to Tokchen. The region is rich in pools and dry depressions with a bed white with salt. On our left is the region of Buka, on our right, in the broad valley to Pang-la, there are several tents and flocks of sheep and yaks. Further on, the small valleys Taktsang and Martsuk are left on our right. In the latter, 6 tents were seen; the region is well populated by nomads. Buto is a ridge south of the road, covered with some snow. A little valley leads up to the Marnyak-la pass, 5,302 m. (I 7,390 feet) high; the rocks consist of mica-quartzite; it is surrounded by hills partly hiding the view. To the S. I° E. is the highest part of Chema-yundungpu, to the S. 21° W. a more rounded gangri called Memo-gangri by our guides, reminding of Memo-nani or the Gurla-mandata. S. 40° W. is a deep-cut passage in the mountains, probably containing a glacier. To the S.W. is a snow-covered mount called Tsangli-gangri, and farther west the gangris of Angsi-dongdong. The next is Ganglung-gangri; all these are in the same range as the Kubi-gangri. To the north and N.N.E. the mountains are called Nyarek, Changsang, and Tsagre; Maryum-la, Kyärmok, and Seu-tokar are further N.E.
From the pass the slope is first slow, then steeper amongst old moraines and erratic blocks of granite, 5 cub.m. and more. The very broad and flat valley of Angsi-chu appears, not far to the south. The living rock is mica-quartzite, granite, and mica-schist. Camp 206, Loang-goa or Loang-gonga, is situated near some pools at a height of 5,036 m. 06,518 feet).
On July 19th we continued due west 21.1 km., first crossing the Loanggoa brook, which carried about E /2 cub.m. a second and empties its clear water into the small lakelets round Camp 206. Leaving them it joins the Angsi-chu. The ground, old moraines, rises slowly. To the W.S.W. the Memo-nani or Gurla appears, partly hidden by clouds. To our right is the open plain or valley of the Loanggoa, which in its upper course is called Tamlung-tsangpo; immediately north of the plain is the little range which separates us from the basin of Gunchu-tso; this range
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