国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

314 FROM PASA-GUK TO TRADUM AND THENCE TO THE CONFLUENCE OF TSA-CHU-TSANGPO.

is formed, which gets inundated after heavy rains. Along the right bank of the river the erosion terrace is sharply marked, and consists, at its continuation along the Chaktak, of blocks; the left terrace is more interrupted. The ground is soft and easy with many signs of nomads' camps. Changta and Kara are small tributaries from the south.

The valley becomes wider; Tsakung enters from the south; opposite it the

Chilung comes from the north. Chakta is a rocky promontory at the northern side consisting of mica-quartzite. The brook of Rok comes from a southern valley Markyem, in the background of which is visible a little range with some snow; on its southern side runs the tasam or high road. Shulung, Pangbuk, and Kyangjung are valleys, and Teta a pasture-ground in the upper regions of 1Vlarkyem. Camp

173, Churu, is at 4,628m. (15,180 feet). To the N.8 3°W. is an open valley, Parpa, with Pugu-ri south of it; N.7o°W. is a fairly high mountain Thakta, with some snow

to the N.E. Sangya and Motaga are small valleys from the north.

The road continues westwards in the same latitudinal valley as before, parallel

with the valley of the Tsangpo. A short distance west of Churu is a flat threshold, not noticeable to the naked eye, but still important as being the watershed between the Chaktak-tsangpo and the Men-chu. South of it issues the Tagelung-karmo; Rokparpa is one of its tributaries. The northern mountains are of moderate height and pierced by several nameless gorges and ravines.

From the south enters the Serkyalung; Ta-chekbur is a steep rock to our

left; Kangmar a gorge from the north. By and by a little meandering brook appears in the valley; the ground is soft, with grass, 'swamps and pools; i 4 tents were pitched at different places, surrounded by flocks of sheep, yaks and ponies; the road is well frequented as many pilgrims return this way from the Kailas, thus completing a kore or round wandering by the journey itself. Shägo is a southern tributary with two moderate peaks in its background. Camp 174, Rok-shung, is at 4,609m. (15,118 feet). The rock is phyllitic schist.

Following the brook we now keep to the S.W. The northern mountains rise

in height; a snow-covered peak to the N.38°W. is called Chuka-turbung, and one to the N.4 °W. Yundung-tsepke. At the left side of the valley the rock is quartz. Down through a left tributary, Tangchen, the tasam comes down and joins our road at the foot of the southern mountains. Dangjung is a tributary from the south, Logolaga a small but dominating peak on the same side.

Our brook joins the Men-chu, coming from the N.W.; east of the junction the rock is crystalline sandstone, and west of it quartzitic sandstone. In the angle between both brooks is a mighty rocky group of mountains; at the confluence is Nyuku-tasam with a little house for the chief of the district. The height is 4,600m. (15,088 feet)

Following the Men-chu which carried some 3cub.m. a second, the road turns N.W. The brook is rather sinuous, the valley narrow with its bottom covered by gravel and grass. The right hand terrace is 4 or 5m. high; the rock consists of