国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

THE VILLAGE OF TUKSUM.   325

Camp 189 is called Dongbo; to the N.E., at one or two miles distance is a Tutu. called Tutu. Some 1 o minutes walk S.8o°W. of Camp 189 one has a fine view over the long and shallow lake from which the water spreads to the different passages; in its background was a high sand dune or ridge of several dunes.

Proceeding north-westwards we have to the left for some time a confusion of

dunes, lakes and canals, and to our right the hills called Tinju, the last ramifications of the Transhimalaya; at their foot are also considerable accumulations of sand in dunes, often 6 or 8m. high. The ground itself is very sandy, and the wind has modelled out ridges, furrows and sharp terraces of sand, kept together by grass roots. In other respects the ground is fluviatile clay.

Ganju-la is a little threshold crossed by the road, and only 4,618m. high;

the rock is sandstone and tight quartzitic mass. A second, still lower threshold is crossed; to our right is a valley Pundi; the plain below is called Pundi-shung. Near the road is a solitary dune, very regularly built, and quite 15m. high; the dunes of this type, and out of reach of the river, are, of course, wandering as ordinary desert dunes. Ganju-gompa is built on a little isolated rock of limestone, rising from the level plain. On nearly all sides it is surrounded by swamps and pools; at some distance south of the monastery one sees the irregular waterways amongst the dunes. On the bank were several tents and flocks.

Kajan-sumdo is a valley from the north. Pukchen-tang is a nomadic camp

near a swamp. To the S.W. a branch of the river shows between the dunes, five of which had a very regular form, perfect crescents with i 7° slope on the windward and 33 and 34° on the lee-side; 10 and I2 m. high dunes are not rare. Even the natives had observed how the dunes wander to the E.N.E., and in fact the lee-side generally looks N.8o°E. At Tuksum we are at 4,596m. (15,075 feet).

From the surroundings of Tuksum the following names may be mentioned. S.64°E. Mount Ngotu; S.S.E. Mount Kolla; S.7°E. a snowy peak Inang, near which

a road goes to Nepal over Inang-la; S. i 7°W. Gänsung a double peak without snow; 5.39°W. Pajung-hangmo a sharp snowy peak, and S.6o°W. another, near which there is a difficult path to Nepal; S.65°W. Mount Rongle; S.68°W. a small mountain Langju; N.7 i °W. the depression of the Tsangpo valley; N.54°W. Tang-yung and just right of it the valley of Näoo-tsangpo; N.3o°W. the valley of Tsagong-sang, and, to the left of it, Mount Mondo; to the north is Mount Teriyong near Tuksum; N.E. the valley Dogmo-sang, and N.69°E. Mount Rinak.

Keeping south of the tasam our next day's march goes west to the Tsangpo over the great level plain with its beds, dry or containing pools, its tents and

I Or 15,147 feet. There seem to be several passages over the ramification in which my Ga.nju-la is situated; for Ryder's Ganju-la is 15,700 feet high and is at 3 miles from the river, whereas mine is hardly one mile from it. My Ganju-la is not even om. above the river, Ryder's 210m. Ryder's road his here some short distance north of mine. For Tuksum Ryder has i 5,000 feet, I 15)075; for Tradum Ryder 14,84o, 1 r 5,060; for Shigatse Ryder 12,85o, I 12,700 feet.