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0093 Memoir on Maps of Chinese Turkistan and Kansu : vol.1
中国領トルキスタンおよび甘粛の地図に関する覚書 : vol.1
Memoir on Maps of Chinese Turkistan and Kansu : vol.1 / 93 ページ(カラー画像)

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doi: 10.20676/00000215
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Chap. IV]   NOTES ON SHEET No. 9   71

Khotan (pp. 123-235); see also Serindia, i. pp. 90 sqq.; iii. 1273 sqq.

Great as the differences in elevation and general configuration are between the several zones which this sheet comprises, from the Taklamakan sands up to the high K`un-lun ranges, extreme aridity characterizes them all. The vicinity of fertile loess soil to the debouchure of the rivers accounts for the large cultivated area in the main Khotan oasis and for the string of minor oases stretching along the glacis of the outer hills westwards and facilitating traffic. The narrowness of the deep-cut valleys further south confines irrigation, and hence cultivation, to small isolated patches barely sufficient to maintain a few little settlements of hillmen, such as Pusha, Nissa and Karanghu-tagh

(C, D. 4.) In spite of the thick deposits of fertile loess dust which the winds have carried from the desert plains up to the highest valleys, the aridity of the climate

reduces vegetation and grazing in these mountains to very modest limits. Communications through the mountains from north to south are difficult and owing to the impassable nature of the middle Kara-lash valley confined to very few routes.

CGrrections. Symbols of latitude station to be added for Camps 55-61 of 1900-01 (as per list below).

  1. ] .—Sandy tract with scrub should have been shown W. of GOma as far as Siligh-langar.

  2. 2.—A belt of drift-sand ought to have been marked at, and to the west of, Bél-kum, on route from Zanguya to Pialma.

B. 3.—The glaciers shown by R.B. Lal Singh on the northern slope of the range east of the Sanju-dawan, near peaks not rising much above 17,000 feet, are likely to be mere snow-beds.

D. 4.-A small patch of cultivation should have been entered at Omsha hamlet.

Astronomically observed latitudes.

1900-01. Khotan town Camp 42 (Àkhùn Beg's garden in. Tüwen-Gujan suburb; D. 2)

37°

fi' 45"

Bizil, Camp 43 (Beg's garden; D. 3) ...

36°

59'

13"

Yagan-da.van, Camp 55   (D. 3 )- ...

36°

31'

30"

Yagan-aghzi, Camp 56 (C. 3) ...

36°

35'

36"

Camp 57, below Kunat-dawan (D.3)

36°

42'

50"

UI ugh-art, Camp 58 (S.W. of pass ; C. 3)

36°

46'

  1.  

Lnnghru, Camp 59 (near N.E. end of village; D. 3)

36?

55'

52"

Ujat, Camp 61 (near left bank of river; D. 3)   ,..

37°

0'

  1.  

1906-08. Pusha, Camp 42 (near Shamshel-mazar; C. 4)   ...

36°

26'

50"

Tashte-öghil, Camp 44 (in Kurat-jilga; C. 3)   ...

36°

30'

4"

Camp 46, below Ashpak (C. 3)   ...

36°

39'

S"

NOTES ON SHEET No. 10. (KARA-KORAM, KHITAI-DAWAN)

With the exception of the route from Shahidullah to the Kara-koram pass (A. 1), the area comprised in this sheet was surveyed at the close of the second expedition. - It shows interesting portions of the main Kunlun range near the triangulated peak 23,071 (Pk. 3/52m), where it bifurcates towards Muz-tagh (Pk. 1/61A) and the peaks near the sources of the Yurung-kash river; 9 also two of the drainigeless basins of the Tibetan uplands to the south.

For the construction of this sheet a number of triangulated points were available, 10 among them three determined in the Kashmir G. T. series. Those shown

9 See above p. 22.

near the Kara-koram route are taken from the work of Sir F. De Filippi's expedition, together with the clinometrical heights of peaks in A. 1. The value adopted for the approximate snow-line, 18,000 feet, is derived from the observations made near the Yangi-dawan and at the head of the Turgapjilga (C, D. 1). In A. 1 the limits of perpetual snow have been indicated in accordance with the map of Sir F. De Filippi's expedition.

A description of the route followed and of the ascent to the snowy col on the Kunlun watershed west of Peak 23,07] is given in .Desert Cathay, ii. pp. 463 sqq. For some-

1° See Appendix 4, pointe in 52 Y.