IIIF Color HighRes
National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
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| IIIF Color HighRes |
| The Book of Ser Marco Polo : vol.2 |
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Citation Information
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CHAP. XLVIII. -THE NAME KARAJANG
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by the Mongols, and the colours may have applied to their clothing. The dominant race at the Mongol invasion seems to have been Shans ;* and black jackets are the characteristic dress of the Shans whom one sees in Burma in modern times. The Kara-jang and Chaghan-jang appear to correspond also to the U man and Pe-man, or Black Barbarians and White Barbarians, who are mentioned by Chinese authorities as conquered by the Mongols. It would seem from one of Pauthier's Chinese quotations (p. 388), that the Chaghan-jang were found in the vicinity of Li-kiang fu. (D'Ohsson, H. 317 ; J. R. Geog. Soc. III. 294.) [Dr. Bretschneider (Med. Res. I. p. 184) says that in the description of Yun-nan, in the Yuen-shi, " Cara jang and Cliagan jang are rendered by W'-man and Po-man (Black and White Barbarians). But in the
A Saracen ofCarajan, being a portrait of a Mahomedan Mullah in Western Yun-nan. ( From Garnier's Work.)
"NrZ zaztt bc$ piozorz inaitt.ercz, car it hi a jcnz .qc iorrnt Alaomrt."
biographies of Djao-a-k'o-p'an, A-ť-szelan ( Yuen-shi, eh. cxxiii. ), and others, these tribes are mentioned under the names of Ha-la-djang and Cli'a-han-djang, as the Mongols used to call them ; and in the biography of Wu-lianh-ho t'ai. [Uriang kadai], the conqueror of Vun-nan, it is stated that the capital of the Black Barbarians was called Yach'i. It is described there as a city surrounded by lakes from three sides."—I I. C.]
Regarding Rashiduddin's application of the name 4 ndandr or Gandhára to Yun-nan, and curious points connected therewith, I must refer to a paper of mine in the J R. A. Society (NT. s. 1V. J56). But I may mention that in the ecclesiastical translation of the classical localities of Indian Buddhism to Indo-China, which is
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* The title Chao in Nan-Chao (infra, p. 79) is said by a Chinese author (Pauthier, p. 391) to signify King- in the language of those barbarians. This is evidently the Chao which forms an essential part of the title of all Siamese and Shan princes.
[Regarding the word Nan-Chao, Mr. Parker (China Review, XX. p. 339) writes "In the
barbarian tongue ` prince' is Chao," says the Chinese author ; and there were six Chao, of which the Nan or Southern was the leading power. Hence the name Nan-Chao . . . it is hardly necessary for me to say that chao or kyiao is still the Shan-Siamese word for ` prince.' " Pallegoix (Dict. p. 85) has Chao, Princeps, rex.—H. C.]
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