国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

CH. II]

THE CHRONICLES OF LADAKH : TRANSLATION   67

time those who ate much became of ugly complexion ; and those who ate

little of fine complexion. ` I have a fine complexion ; you have an ugly complexion !',

they thus saying, the sin of pride began : this was its beginning. When they suffered the

effects of their pride, all those who had sucked of the essence of the earth assembled

and lamented. Then, through the combined [religious] works of the beings, there

appeared on the surface of the great earth a garden of cane, of taste like uncooked

honey, and of colour like that of the Kadamsuka (Kadambaka ?) flower. That also they

ate, and enjoyed it, and, as they despised [one another] as before, that also disappeared.

Then, as all men assembled and lamented, through Buddha's compassion and their

combined [religious] merit, there came into existence the garden of Sälu rice, which

grew without ploughing, and was without husk and straw. If it was mown in the

morning, it grew again in the morning ; if it was mown in the evening, it grew

again in the evening. Every ear . of rice contained four Magadha bre (of 2-4 pints

each) [of grain]. Every grain was [of the size] of four fingers. As during a long

period they lived in enjoyment of this, this food being coarser than it had been

before, urine, mucus of the nose, dung, etc., came into existence. The male and

female genitals appeared. Looking at one another amorously with side-glances, they

fell to embracing. The other creatures, seeing this, said ` There one creature is

embracing another creature ! ' ; and, throwing stones and gravel so as not to see

it, they built miraculous little houses. This is the beginning of house-building.

[These being further divided into the royal families (Rajanya), . which were the

rulers of gods and men, there are 360 [divisions]. If we combine them and divide

them into two sections, they [consist of] the pure Buddha rulers and the impure

creature rulers. The Buddha rulers by act and speech accomplish the welfare of the

creatures. The creature rulers, being divided into five sections, are the [three]

Spyi-phud (universal ?) potentates of the 3,000 [worlds], together with the king of the

six kinds [of beings], and the king of H_ dzam-glin (Jambu-dvipa), making five. Then

the king over the 3,000 [worlds] of suffering beings is Sākya-thub-pa (Sākya-muni

Buddha) ; Tshans-pa (Brāhmå) is the king over 1,000 Spyi-phud (Universal Monarch ?).

There are also the four Great Kings, the protectors of the [four cardinal]

points; the king over the six kinds [of beings] is Gsin-rje-chos-rgyal (Yams Dharmarāja),

the kings of Hdzam-glin are the royal family of Man-bkur (Mahāsammata) ; the

` wheel-turning kings ', Spyi-bo-skyes (Mūrdhaja) and the others, who controlled

the golden, silver, copper, and iron [wheels]. When, in the south of the ` mount of

the middle ', Ri-rab (Sumeru), where is the tree of life, in Rdo-rje-gdan (Vajrāsana) of

India, the heart of Bodhi (Bodhimanda), the 1,002 Buddhas of the good Kalpa were

in the period of decline, the wheel-turning kings appeared. Let us mention only

the great ones among them. Although by the church histories (chos-hbyuii) of the

wise, as well as the great and little genealogies, there are said to be 360 royal

families, they may be grouped under two heads, kings become exalted beyond this

world, and kings not so exalted. Those exalted beyond this world, having, while

ruling over a tranquil world-element, obtained power over transmigration, have been

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