162 ANTIQUITIES OF WESTERN TIBET [VoL. lI
From inscriptions we learn the following names of Zains-dkar kings not mentioned in the Chronicle :Ka-ru-tog with his brothers Rin-chen, Nor-bu-dpal-lde, and Na(Mllah ? Nag ?)-dban-dpal-lde (Inscr. No. 46) ; Tshe-dban-dpal-hbar with his sons Tshe-dban-dpal-lde and Tshe-dban-rnam-rgyal (No. 47) ;. Rnam-rgyal and Tshe-rin-dpal-lde (No. 49). They all reigned at the castle of Brgya-byin-pho-lad at Dpah-gtum. From a dedication sheet in a copy of the Bskal-pa-bzaia-po in the Berlin Museum of Ethnography we learn that a queen Bstan-hdzin-dban-mo was at a certain period reigning (` her helmet being high ') at Dpah-gtum. From paper documents we elicit further the names of (1) Hbrug-bstan-hdzin, mentioned in the grant of land to Tshul-khrims-rdo-rje, and possibly identical with the so-named chief of Spyi-ti, step-brother of Sein-ge-rnamrgyal ; (2) Dban-phyug-rnam-rgyal, who married the daughter of the General Säkya-rgya-mtsho. The last king of Dpah-gtum, a descendant of Bde-mchog-rnam-rgyal (see above, Rin-chen-don-grub-rnam-rgyal), died during the Dogra wars.
It is interesting that the pronoun lied is used here invariably to denote two or more persons who consider themselves superior to another (in this case the addressed) person. As I stated already in Z.D.M.G., vol. lxi, p. 950, lied may be called a half-respectful form. It is used if at least one of the persons included in the ` we ' is to be honoured.
My thanks are due to Dr. F. W. Thomas for his translation of several difficult passages.
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