CH. VIII] THE CHRONICLES OF LADAKH : TRANSLATION 113
VIII. The Last Independent Kings of Ladakh
(B MS.) To him were born three sons, Bde-ldan-rnam-rgyal (c. 1620-45 A.D.), 'In-da-bhoti-rnam-rgyal, and Bde-mchog-rnam-rgyal. Bde-ldan-rnam-rgyal was made king. (S MS.) : He lived according to the ten virtues, even during his youth. He protected his subjects according to religion. He wrote a biography of his father, in accordance with his [father's] character (or acted after the manner of his father's life.—F. W. T.). He showed unceasing kindness to others, and his courage was as great as that of four heroes combined. (B MS.) 'In-da-bhoti-rnam-rgyal was ordained lama by Chosrje-Smug-hdzin of Stag-sna, and came to be the most prominent amongst the disciples of Stag-[tsharn]-ras-[chen]. At the time of the erection of the He-mi and Theg-mchog [lamaseries] he was proclaimed [head lama ?], and became the most excellent amongst the clericals who delight in the doctrine. (L MS.) According to the teacher Stag-tshan's advice (B MS.) he was made ruler of Gu-ge. To the youngest son, Bde-mchog-rnam-rgyal, Spyi-ti and Zans-dkar were allotted, and he ruled there. Then Bde-ldan-rnam-rgyal resided in Ru-thog in summer, and in La-dvags in winter. He united under his sway [all the country] from Bu-rig to Mar-yul (L MS. to the Mar-yum pass). (C MS.) He united under his sway Mnah-ris-skor-gsum, Ku-ge, Ru-thog, Man-yul, Spyi-ti, Zans-dkar, Bu-rig(s), Hem-bab, Skar-rdo, Si-gar, Bhal-ti. all these countries, and protected them like children ; they were happy. (B MS.) In fulfilment of an intention of his father (or in memory of his father) he erected at Sel an image of [Sákya]-Thub-pa, made of copper and gilt, three stories high ; also a relic-receptacle (mchod-rten), five stories high, of which the thirteen wheels, the canopy and the crowning-piece were of copper and gilt. Carrying out an intention of his mother, (C MS.) he built on the plain at the head of the Lte-bar gorge a ` long mani wall ' 500 paces long (B MS.), having at either end a stúpa, one of the great Byaii-chub, the other of the great Rnam-rgyal [type]. At the Leh palace he put up an image of [Sákya]thub-pa made of copper and gilt, two stories high. As it had been customary with his father, so he likewise appointed permanently for Ldum-ra, Zans-dkar, Ba-mgo (Bab-sgo), Gtiii-sgan, and other places 108 lamas each, who were to perform the 100 millions of Om mani padme hüm incantations there once a year. Furthermore, for the sake of his own reputation with posterity, he erected at Slel an image of Spyan-ras-gzigs (Avalo-kita), made of copper and gilt (C MS. a silver Spyan-ras-gzigs), two stories high ; an assembly-hall, and a silver stúpa, two stories (C MS. three stories) high. Also at that time he appointed his minister, Sákya-rgya-mtsho, field-marshal. In the female water-ox year (1613 ± 12 = 1625 A.D.) the Ladakh army took the field. Many men and women of Mkhar-bu were carried away captive. He-nas-ku and Stag-rtse were reduced and brought into subjection. Next, Cig-gtan and a-dkar (L MS. Sa-gar) were taken (broken). Then he led his army on to Sod-pa-sa-ri. He took Sod castle and gathered in the harvest of the fields. On his way back he sent his army against Sum-hbraii and conquered it, then attacked Dkar-rtse and again was victorious, bringing away with him its chief, the Khri-Sultan. In the male wood-tiger year (1614 -}-12 = 1626 A.D.) he marched against Kha-pu-lu and conquered Chor-hbad (Chos-hbad) and Mtho-rtse-
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