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| Explorations in Turkestan : Expedition of 1904 : vol.2 |
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Citation Information
•
346 ANIMAL REMAINS PROM THE EXCAVATIONS AT ANAU.
Table of dimensions (in millimeters) —Continued.
layers in which they are found; but their perfect condition seems to indicate either that the ancient inhabitants did not care to crush these bones or that the foxes died while searching for food after the destruction of the dwellings of the layer in which they were found.
Canis lupus Linnæus (Canis pallipes Sykes [?]). (See plate 71, figs. I and 2.)
In the æneolithic culture-period we find at +8 feet three remains belonging apparently to the same animal. These are a half of a right upper jaw, a part of the right frontal bone, and the anterior part of the right branch of a lower jaw. The dark-brown color of these three bones seems to confirm the supposition that they belong to the same individual. The upper jaw is distinguished by a short row of teeth. In this again the premolars form a relatively short row and the carnassial tooth is relatively very large. If we make the dental row equal to Too, the length of the carnassial tooth is 3o per cent and that of the three premolars 44 per cent. Among wolves, both European, Indian, and American, Studer finds the first relation varying between 25 and 29 per cent; only in a Canis hodophylax from Japan is the relation 31.4 per cent. The relation of the three premolars to the whole row of back teeth amounts among wolves to from 43.5 to 49 per cent, and in Canis hodophylax 4o per cent. In our case, however, it is 44 per cent, in which the proportion falls into line with those of the wolves.
This Anau canine was without doubt a wolf whose muzzle is somewhat short, the premolars are small, while the carnassial tooth is large, although the anterior inner protuberance of the carnassial tooth is very slightly developed. Interstitial
North Kurgan,
Anau, +17 ft.
No. 95 • No. 94.
Fox from Common fox Tor on the (fem.) from
Red Sea Germany
(Mus. Bern). (coll. Duerst)
Fox from
neolithic
pile-dwelling
Schaffis (Mus. Bern).
Skull.
124
51
22
48
45
19
.28
23
69 64 42 45
I14
49
65
39
7
58
20
41
42
68
20
30
24
69
Basilar length 123
Basicranial axis so
Basifacial axis 71
Length of nasalia 47
Width of nasalia 8
Length of palate 66
Width of palate behind pre-
molar 4 22
Greatest width of skull 44
Width on meatus auditorius
externus 42
Width on arcus zygomaticus 66
Least dimension of temporal 19
Width between proximal or-
bitals 29
Least dimension between the
interior borders of orbits.. 23
Length of cavitas cerebralis.. 70
Length of face 62
Width of skull 39
Width of occiput ,.. 42
Length of lower jaw 97
Length of molars of lower jaw 57
I 22
50
69
46
8
65
2I
44
42
66
21
30
22
71
63
40
42
I 28
54
72
49
9
69
23
44
45
72
20
32
27
76
67
42
45
Fox from
Sinai (Mus.
Bern).
113
46
61
42
9
57.
2I
42
42
78
20
31
2I
72
62
35 42 91 48
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