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Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books
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| 0106 |
Explorations in Turkestan : Expedition of 1904 : vol.2 |
Captions
| [Photo] 484 |
The Citadel of Hissar. |
Citation Information
OCR Text
ANAU.
PECULIARITIES OF ANAU AS AN OASIS OF TYPE I b.
(Plate 65.)
To us it is of first importance to know what we can of the physiography of
Anau, in whose ancient oases our shafts and excavations sank through no less
than 10,000 years of man's stratified débris. And though its geographical position
is fully set forth in the beginning of this volume, it remains to sketch a few of its
type-peculiarities.
Anau is our best, or most familiar, example of an oasis of type I b (delta-oases
of small streams). This type, it may be remembered, is characteristic of the
border of the plains where small silt-laden streams discharge from the mountains
and are to best advantage diverted for irrigation. It is a type less exposed to
sandstorms and overwhelming dunes than type I a, like those of Merv, and yet
more open to invasion by man, who may descend from the mountains or migrate
along their base from oasis to oasis. It is, moreover, a type practically fixed in
position, as contrasted with the inevitable shifting of type I a through long-
continued change of climate or rearrangement of distributaries. The oasis of Anau
has for some 10,000 years remained so fixed that cultivation is still carried on
over fields that bury its most ancient ruins. The greater oasis of Merv has in 100
years changed place by 15 miles.
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