National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

Shih-êrh-tun, 'Tower XII', meaning of
name, 386.
Shih-hui, Chinese frontier post in T'ang
itinerary, 563, 565.
Shih-lo-man, Mount, mentioned in in-
scription, 544 ; name of easternmost
T'ien-shan, 545 n. 34.
Shih-ni, Shih-ch'üni, Séni, T'ang names
of Shughnān, 878, 880 ; the 'five
Shih-ni', 879 sq.
Shih-tun, 'Tower x', meaning of name,
386.
Shikarwai (Camp XVI), 73.
Shindī river, flood bed of, 751 ; impor-
tance of floods to Ying-p'an, 765.
Shindī valley, 728 ; new cultivation in,
728 ; ruined tower of similar construc-
tion to buildings of Lou-lan, 729 ;
rock-carvings, 729.
Shinega, oasis, cultivation at, 783.
Shitam, pass into Rōshān, 884.
shoes, embroidered, (Kao-ch'ang) 393-4,
396, 397 ; lacquered canvas, (Astāna)
662, 703 ; quilted cloth, (Toyuk) 615,
620 ; (Murtuk) 638 ; string, (Khotan)
92, 95 ; (Limes) 389, 393, 416, 422,
423 ; (Toyuk) 615, 620 ; silk and
canvas, (Astāna) silk tapestry :
(Astāna) 661, 674, 679, 701 ; imitation
paper, used for the dead, (Astāna) 659,
661, 700 ; miniature shoes in tombs,
(Astāna) 660, 698.
Shona-nōr, track from, to Chik-tam,
surveyed by Muhammad Yāqūb, 288.
shōr, salt efflorescence : Khitai-shahri,
72 ; Niya, 144, 156 ; Lop sea-bed, 259,
297, 745 ; E. of Tun-huang, 353, 363 ;
Etsin-gol, 433 ; Ming-shui, 530 ; Tur-
fān basin, 719 ; in Kuruk-tāgh, 721,
739 ; Konche-daryā, 772 ; in Bugur-
Kuchā route, 797 ; Kuchā, 819,
820 ; Sistān delta, 946, 949 ; corru-
gated surface of, in Lop sea-bed, 297,
317, 353 ; marks old river-beds, 12,
144, 156, 772 ; absence of, in Sistān,
905 ; produced by over-irrigation, 779 ;
roads worn by ancient traffic across,
315, 347 ; soft shōr, 317, 353, 363.
Shōr-jilga, pass leading from Lake Vic-
toria to Āb-i-Panja, 861.
Shōsōin Catalogue, objects in, compared
with Astāna painted scroll, 657.
shroud, painted, (Astāna) 658, 697,
705.
shrouds, see burial customs, Astāna.
Shuang-ch'êng-tzŭ, ruined tower at, 410 ;
ruins of fort, 410.
Shuang Ta-jên, Mandarin, assistance
rendered by, 254.
Shughnān, valleys of, 877 sqq. ; Chinese
notices of, 878 ; division into autono-
mous chieftainships in T'ang times,
879 ; Hsüan-tsang's account of, 880 ;
Wu-k'ung's visits to, 880 ; accessibility
of, 881 ; estimate of population, 881.
Mirs of, 886 sq. ; their descent, 887.
II 7 H 2

Shughnānīs or Shughnīs, physical anthro-
pology of, 996 sqq. ; character of, 879,
880 ; racial type, 881, 996 sq.
Shui-ching, the, on P'u-ch'ang lake, 293.
siege engines, Chinese, 578.
signal-posts of Limes, mentioned in
Chinese documents : Chên-chung, 391,
400 ; Chih-chien, 346 ; Chih-K'ou,
322 ; Hsüan-wu, 352 ; I-ho, 352 ; Lai-
hsiang, 349 ; P'o-lu, 352 ; Shou-hsiang,
392 ; Shou-kuan, 345 ; T'ien-ho, 352 ;
Tsêng-hu, 394 ; Tsung-min, 345 ;
Wan-nien, 392, 400 ; Wei-hu, 352.
orders for officers of, 400.
silk, as writing material, 449 ; earliest
specimen of its use, 167.
silk : Lou-lan fabrics, 232 sqq. ;
weaves, 233 ; designs on figured silks,
235 sq. ; polychrome figured silks more
common than monochrome, 234 ; ab-
sence of shot patterns, 236 ; date, 239.
Astāna fabrics, 673 sqq. ; weaves,
674 ; designs, 675 ; Chinese and Sasa-
nian designs, 675 ; polychrome silks
imported from West, 674, 675 ; Chinese
silks imitating Sasanian, 675.
fragments : (Bāsh-Koyunsal) 168 ;
(Lou-lan) 222, 277, 280 ; (Limes) 345,
351, 415 sq., 418 sqq., 427 ; (Khara-
khoto) 441, 463, 495, 497, 499, 501 ;
(Toyuk) 615, 621 ; (Astāna) 647 sq.,
665, 666, 679, 693, 706 ; (Ying-p'an)
784 ; (Ghāgha-shahr) 921.
bags : 223, 636, 639, 665, 706 ;
banners, 101, 127, 440, 472, 493, 498,
499 ; case containing lead, 647 ; gar-
ments, 665, 679 ; patchwork, 665, 706 ;
sheath-like object, 215, 222 ; veling,
652, 689 ; wallet, 472 ; waste, 423.
embroidery, 235, 480, 661, 674, 701 ;
chain stitch, 661, 674, 701 ; absence of
satin stitch, (Astāna) 674.
gauze, 486, 652, 660, 667, 680, 684,
686, 689 ; with spotted pattern, 486.
muslin frs., 482, 485, 486 ; painted,
499.
tapestry, 592, 608 ; not found in
Lou-lan, 235.
plain silks, frs. of, 345, 351, 415 sq.,
418 sqq., 427, 451, 466, 472, 660, 698 ;
ribbed, 810, 822 ; origin of, 693.
figured silks : damask, 277, 280,
451, 472, 473, 615, 621, 647, 649, 660,
674, 679 sqq. ; of Chinese manufac-
ture, 674, 679.
figured silks : polychrome, 194, 202,
203, 451, 466, 472, 591, 609, 615, 621,
647 sq., 650, 652, 654, 660, 674, 676,
679 sqq., 689 sq., 693 ; striped, 667,
674, 679, 703, 709.
designs on figured silks : floral de-
signs, 240, 618, 627, 653, 667, 689,
692, 703, 706, 709 ; geometrical de-
signs, 238, 240, 680, 681, 683, 705, 709 ;
animals, birds, monsters in geometrical
designs, 236 sqq. ; cloud scrolls, 240.

Paintings on silk, 443, 450, 471 sqq.,
598, 662, 679, 693 ; silk painted scroll,
(Astāna) 654 sqq. ; Mr. Binyon on
subject and scheme, 655 ; compared
with Japanese paintings, 656, 693.
printed silk, 193, 194, 195, 198, 201,
202, 451, 472, 473, 592, 608, 618, 627,
647, 667, 674, 680.
printed by 'resist' process, 451,
472 sq. ; by blocks, 451, 473.
Weaves :
plain weave, 233, 277, 280.
satin weave, 621.
twill weave, not used in Lou-lan,
233 ; frequent in Astāna, 645, 674, 677,
680–2, 709 ; probably introduced from
West.
warp-rib', the characteristic tech-
nique of Chinese figured silks from
Han times, 193, 194, 233, 277, 280,
674, 677, 705, 708.
pattern produced by 'knot-dyeing',
660, 675, 678, 680.
'resist' dyeing, 661, 675, 680, 706.
decorated with metal beads, 235.
silk trade route to Persia, 842, 846 ;
Ptolemy's account of, 843, 844 ; im-
portance of Turfān for silk trade, 574,
578.
silver : amulet case, (Kao-ch'ang) 594,
606 ; disc, (Astāna) 647, 685 ; orna-
ments, (Darēl) 29 ; (Khotan) 110 ;
pendant, (Ying-p'an) 753, 759 ; wire,
(Darēl) 29.
silver-foil, on iron button, (Khotan) 115.
Singer, oasis and settlement of, 722 ;
origin of name, 722 n. 9 ; history of
colony, 722 ; climatic conditions, 723.
sīpil, see circumvallation.
Sirkip-tura, 'tower of Sirkip', storied
Buddhist shrine, 613.
Sistān, ancient Sakastanē, medieval
Sagistān : geographical and historical
importance of, 906, 956 ; ancient
names of, 906 n. 1 ; religious and epic
traditions of, 906 sq. ; rivers of, men-
tioned in Avesta, 907 n. 4, 923 ; scanti-
ness of historical data, 907 ; physical
conditions compared with Tārim basin,
909 sq. ; rainfall, 975 ; mixed charac-
ter of population, 925.
Sacred Hill of Sistān, 909 sqq.
Oasis of Persian Sistān, ruined sites
of, 826 sqq. ; Shahrīstān, 826 ; Band-
i-Sistān, 830 ; Zāhidān and ruins to
NW., 832 sqq. ; destruction caused by
floods and irrigation, 932 ; antiques
brought from sites on Afghān side,
938 ; list of pottery and other objects
from sites in northern Sistān, 938 sqq.
The desert delta, 943 sqq. ; ruins
ancient and modern, 943 sqq. ; re-
mains of prehistoric settlement, 949
sqq. See Rāmrūd ; chalcolithic
civilization of, 950, 955 sq., linking
areas of chalcolithic culture, 955 ;