IX. The Chronicles of the Chiefs of Ko-loin in Lahul
When stationed at Kye-lan, Lahul, as a missionary, I asked Th akur Atnar-Chand of Ko-lon to show me his family chronicles, if he had any. He said that his father, Hari-Chand, had compiled a chronicle in 1880 A.D., but that the information contained in it was drawn from older documents. Amar-Chand recently brought it up to date. Amar-Chand very kindly had the chronicles copied for me in the original Urdű, and he also ordered his munshi to prepare an English translation for my use. Besides the Urdű chronicles Amar-Chand produced also a genealogical tree of his family in Tibetan, and several other Tibetan documents. A number of letters by Kula kings to the chiefs of Ko-lon were discovered at Ko-lon by Mr. Howell. Stone inscriptions containing the names of several former chiefs of Ko-lon have been discovered in the vicinity of the castle of Ko-lon.
Ko-lon is situated on the right bank of the river Bhaga, about 16 miles above the confluence of the rivers Chandra and Bhaga. Ko-lon was the capital of a small chieftainship, which in its best days extended from the confluence of the Chandra and Bhaga to the Baralatsa pass, on the right bank of the river. This narrow strip of land was their own property, but since the reign of Man-Singh of Kula, 1674-1717 A.D., they had to watch over the interests of the Kula kings in the whole of Lahul. Lahul then, as now, comprised the valleys of the Chandra, and the Bhaga, and of the united rivers down to Tirot.
The chiefs of Ko-lon are never mentioned in the chronicles of the neighbouring countries, but Lahul as a whole is referred to occasionally in the chronicles of Ladakh and Kula. Under the first great king of Ladakh, Ni-ma-mgon, a country called Spyilcogs is mentioned. According to K. Marx, Spi-lcogs probably stands for Lahul. Later on two Tibetan conquests of Kula are described, under the Ladakhi kings Lha-chenUtpala and Tshe-dban-rnam-rgyal I. In both cases Laliul was apparently included in the conquest, although it is not specially mentioned. Then, during the reign of the last independent Ladakhi king, Tshe-dpal-rnam-rgyal, Lahul is repeatedly referred to under its Tibetan name Gar-a. Let me add that the name Lahul is entirely unknown among the Tibetans.
In the chronicles of Kula Lahul is repeatedly mentioned in the first legendary chapters, and again in the chapter referring to the conquest of Lahul by the Kula kings in the seventeenth century. Here the name Lahul is used for the country.
The first European who published a pedigree (in Urdű) of the chiefs of Ko-lon was Col. Massey. In his publication the pedigree begins with No-no-Chun-nun (Chogan) and Sen-ge. To the pedigree is added a brief account of the conquest of Ladakh by the Dogras, which would be rather out of place here.
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