IIIF Color HighRes
National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
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| IIIF Color HighRes |
| Southern Tibet : vol.7 |
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Citation Information
ROADS ACROSS THE KARA-KORUM.
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regarded the Bolor as a continuation of the Mus-tagh or Kara-korum. When SHAW denied the existence of any Kara-korum Range at all, WALKER carried Shaw's view a step further, extending it also to the western Hindu-kush.I Petermann finds the results of Russian exploration in accordance with those of the British.
We now come to the important exploration of J. W. HAYWARD, of whom Sir RODERICK MURCHISON could communicate to the Royal Geographical Society that he, after having been kept almost as a prisoner at Shahidullah, contrived to escape, and crossed the mountain ranges at the sources of the Yarkand-darya. During that expedition he made great additions to our geographical knowledge, demonstrated the true course of the Yarkand-darya and the Kara-kash, reached, at the northern slopes of the Kara-korum, the sources of the Yarkand-darya and obtained information about the Yangi-davan over the Kwen - lun.2 Hayward also explored Yasin, Gilgit and Hunsa-Nagar. In the summer of 1870 he was murdered at Darkut by the governor of Yasin, Mir Wali. In this connection we have only to consider the Kara-korum part of his travels.
Hayward knew three different roads between Leh and Yarkand:3 1. The winter route along the Shayok River to the Kara-korum Pass. 2. The summer route, over the Kardong Pass (i 7, 5 74), crossing the Shayok, ascending the Nubra River, crossing the Saser Pass (17,97 2), joining, at Murghu, the winter route, continuing to the Kara-korum Pass (18, 317). At Ak-tagh they again separate: the winter route goes down the Yarkand River, and crosses Yangi-davan to Kok-yar; the summer route crosses the Ak-tagh Range by the Suget-davan (18,237), and joins the Kara-kash River four miles above Shahidullah; the Kilian Range has then to be crossed by either the Kullik, Kilian or Sanju passes. 3. From Leh viz Chang-chenmo and the Chang Lang Pass (18,839) and across the high plains lying between Chang-chenmo and the Kwen-lun Range, below which it enters the valley of Kara-kash to Shahidullah.
Hayward left Leh September 29th, 1868, and took the way over Chang-la, Marsimik-la, Pamsal and Gogra. The Chang Lang or Chang Chenmo Pass he calls the easiest of all passes leading across the Kara-korum and Hindu-kush Ranges. As he says it would be no great impediment for artillery, it cannot be the same as my Chang-lung-yogma, which is practically impassable for any kind of artillery. But he is right in saying it is situated in the main range of the Kara-korum. On the north side he camped at Nischu (Ni-chu), which proves that the pass he crossed must have been quite close to Chang-lung-yogma, for I camped also at Ni-chu.
Proceedings Royal Geographical Society. Vol. XV. 8 7 0— 7 I, p. 2 03.
2 Journal Royal Geographical Society. Vol. XL. 187o, p. CLXII.
3 Journey from Leh to Yarkand and Kashgar, and Exploration of the Sources of the Yarkand River. Journal Royal Geographical Society. Vol. XL. 187o, P• 33 et seq. and Proceedings Roy. Geog. Soc. Vol. XIV. Session 1869-7o, p. 41 et seq.
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