IIIF Color HighRes
National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
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| IIIF Color HighRes |
| Southern Tibet : vol.7 |
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Citation Information
MY GEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. - GEIGER, LYDEKKER.
347
tertiary conglomerates, sandstones and schists is to be found south of the limestone zone of the Kara-korum Pass region.
At "Iankse I found gneissgranite and leptite; then, in the direction of Aksaichin: gneiss and gneissgranite and leptite to beyond Muglib, where limestone and marble appear. At Pamsal there is again gneissgranite. N. E. of Pamsal there is limestone. South of Gogra I found brown quartzitic schist. On the road to Changlung-yogma reddish sandstone. All the way to Aksai - chin I found sandstone of different varities, sandstone schist and limestone, according to the map B., and corresponding to the limestone belt of the Kara-korum Pass.
On my way from Dapsang to Aksai-chin (Op. cit., p. 12 4) I likewise found limestone, schist, quartzitic sandstone, crystalline limestone, grey mica-sandstone, light, dense, cretaceous limestone, reddish brown sandstone, and so on far to the east.
The detailed geological survey of these regions still remains to be done, and certainly belongs to the most difficult and complicated problems of the earth's crust. In this connection I will only mention Dr. WILHELM GEIGER'S excellent monography of the Pamirs, in which he also makes an attempt to explain the orographical part
played by the Mustagh in its relation to the Pamirs and the Hindu-Kush. He says:
Ungefähr auf dem 75. Längengrade können wir die Scharung des Hindukusch and des Mustagh ansetzen. Jener kommt von W. S. W., dieser von S. O. Von der Scharungsstelle streichen die zu den Aussenrändern beider Systeme gehörigen Ketten nach ,Süden and Südwesten and umschliessen die Quellthäler des Kunar and des Jassin-Flusses. — In seinem östlichsten Theile bis zum Meridian vom Kalai-Pändsch bildet der Hindukusch auf eine Strecke von 14o km den Südrand des Pamir-Hochlandes and hier, wie in seinem ganzen Verlaufe, die Wasserscheide zwischen dem Stromgebiete des Amu-darja and dem des Indus.
As is seen from his map, he reckons the Mustagh to the Himalaya System, where the name is entered south of Taghdumbasch Pamir, and »P. Kandscherab», or the pass of Hunserab.l
Amongst the principal authors referred to by Suess was RICHARD LYDEKKER. \Ve cannot leave the geology of the Kara-korum without mentioning his excellent survey which partly belongs to our region.2
Lydekker refers to all his forerunners and regards Stoliczka and Drew as the most important amongst them. The area he describes he estimates at 68,000 square miles, situated to the south and south-west of the Kara-korum. The drainage area of the Shayok he defines thus: »The Shåyok flows through the districts of Chorbat and Nubra, and in its upper course receives the drainage of the Lingzhithang and Dipsang plains, and the southern side of this part of the great Mustågh or Kåråkoram range: it also drains the Chångchenmo valley, on the frontier of Chinese Tibet,
E Dr. Wilhelm Geiger: Die Pamir-Gebiete. Eine Areographische Monographie. Geogr. Abhandl. Herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Albrecht Penck. Band II. Heft I. Wien 1887, p. 16 r.
2 Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India. Vol. XXII. Calcutta, i\ 1I>CCCL.XXXIII.
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