UCH TURFAN
The North side of the mountain is flanked by a corner of the fortress. West of the mountain there are areas protected against fire owing to the height and steep sides of the mountain. The citadel is connected with the fortress by a broad, zig-zag road and a parapet of clay, crenellated and provided with loopholes. On the north side this parapet extends as far as the citadel, on the south side only halfway. The parapet is placed on the edge of the almost perpendicular mountain. The crenellated wall of the citadel, of clay or brick, forms a slight curve, the centre of which faces east. The side walls are of stone. The citadel has no parapet facing the fortress. There are small buildings of clay at either end of the parapet. — Drawn by the author.
leads from inside the fortress to the small citadel on the summit of the mountain. The parapet of the citadel faces west and is built in a slight curve. The sides of the mountain are flanked by the west wall of the fortress, the middle part of which consists of the mountain. The north wall of the fortress is lengthened considerably by the wall running along the road up to the citadel. To the south and especially to the east the defences are weaker. On the latter side the citadel has no parapet. The mountain south of the town could afford an attacking enemy welcome protection. The fortress is tidy and well perserved, a moat with trees planted on either side running outside the walls. Its two gates face E and S.
The Chinese population is small in numbers. Inside the walls there is not much more than the yamen, two barracks, the granary and a couple of temples. The whole place looks neat and well cared for. The fortress is only separated from the Sart town and bazaar on the east by its moat. The bazaar is not large. You can ride from one end of the bazaar street to the other in 5-6 minutes. The shops are uncommonly well stocked, especially with goods from Russian Turkestan. Some of the goods come from Prjevalsk over the
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