National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project
Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books

> > > >
Color New!IIIF Color HighRes Gray HighRes PDF Graphics   Japanese English
0218 Explorations in Turkestan 1903 : vol.1
Explorations in Turkestan 1903 : vol.1 / Page 218 (Color Image)

Captions

[Photo] 132 Youngest Gorge of the Khoja Ishken, cut in the Bottom of the Main Glacial Valley. The over-steepened sides of the latter show clearly on the right.

New!Citation Information

doi: 10.20676/00000177
Citation Format: Chicago | APA | Harvard | IEEE

OCR Text

 

i88

EXPLORATIONS IN TURKESTAN.

and paused at 3, where it deposited a moraine. Above this point the ice deepened and broadened its channel to the line IV. The erosive action of the glacier ceased where the moraine lay, and the only erosion there was that of the glacial stream which began to cut a narrow gorge that bore the same relation to its volume that the broad valley above bore to the volume of the ice that filled it. Thus the place where the moraine lay became an elevation with reference to the general grade of the valley, and at its upper end there was an actual as well as a relative increase of relief over the upstream portion, where the glacier had been at work. When the ice

Fig. 132. —Youngest Gorge of the Khoja lshken, cut in the Bottom of the Main Glacial
Valley. The over-steepened sides of the latter show clearly on the right.

retired the stream continued to simplify the slope of its bed by filling the glaciated hollow with gravel (C) and cutting the gorge still deeper. Three repetitions of these events produced three gorges. Further examples of gorges thus formed were seen in the valleys of Ispairan, Kichik Alai, and elsewhere, although they were by no means so perfect as in the Khoja lshken Valley. The glacial scouring of all these valleys seems to have been closely analogous to but less powerful than that by which the fjords and glacial valley lakes of Europe and America are supposed to have been formed.