THE SOURCES OF THE GREAT INDIAN RIVERS. I07
Ainsi que son nom l'indique, les ruisseaux qui en découlent à l'ouest donnent naissance au Senghé tchou ou à l'Indus.» A description of the source of the Indus could not be given in a shorter, more precise and more correct way, showing that the Chinese had a much clearer knowledge of this part of Tibet than some Europeans even so late as the beginning of 1900. The Chinese text clearly says that the source of the Indus is situated in the mountains N.E. of Kailas and not on the Kailas itself. As to the source of the Satlej the text says: »Le Lang tsian khabab gang ri, à 25o li ou 55 milles nord-est de Tak la kar; le Lang tchou y prend sa source.» This orientation will coincide with the M. Lantchia Kepou of d'Anville's map, which is also perfectly correct. On his construction map I de Rhins has represented everything from Chinese sources in black, and everything from the Pundits in red and has tried to bring these two pieces of information into harmony with each other. He arrives at the result that the Lang tsian kabab is situated exactly where I stated it to be. The Some tchou (Samo-tsangpo) comes from L. Gonghioud, which may have been the case in those days, although it is not at all probable, the lake being salt. But as I have not been at the place I cannot add to the solution of the problem. But even if the Samo-tsangpo in olden times came from the Gunchu-tso it could not be called the source of the Satlej, so long as the Chinese and Tibetans placed the source of the river at Langchen-kabab, or the source of the Tage-tsangpo. The only mistake in this connection committed on the Chinese map is that Tagetsangpo is represented as a left tributary to the Samo-tsangpo, which, of course, has never been and can never have been the case.
On the construction map Seng ghe kabab is very correctly placed N.E. of the Kailas. For this mountain de Rhins has the names: Kain taise, Gang dis ri, Aneouta or Kailasa, all except the most common one which is Kang-rinpoche.
Thus Dutreuil de Rhins has no opinion of his own regarding the hydrographical problem, he only quotes native reports.
I N:o 2 2 : Thibet sud-occidental, Carte de construction.
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