国立情報学研究所 - ディジタル・シルクロード・プロジェクト
『東洋文庫所蔵』貴重書デジタルアーカイブ

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234

LAGO DE CHIAMAY.

On the Gastaldian map in Sala dello Scudo there are only three rivers leaving the lake; on the west river is the city of Bengala; between the two east rivers is Ava. DIOGO HOMEM's map (Pl. XIX), on the other hand, has no Chiamay lake at all, which seems to indicate that this part of Homem's map may be previous to

Gastaldi.

The appearance of the lake was of course no improvement on Ptolemy's map. But far more unfortunate was MERCATOR's removal of the Ganges. The Chiamay lacus he has, however, retained, and his Caor river, which can no more join the Ganges delta, goes out at the east coast of the Gulf, passing Catigam or Chittagong; it has therefore a S.W. course and should rather be the Karnaphul than the Brahmaputra, which is, of course, absurd. Gastaldi's Aua river or Irrawaddi has been changed into a Cosmim flu., and there is no Aua on it. The Salwen, Gastaldi's Caipumo, he calls Martabam, and there he is right again. Menan flu. has not been changed at all.

ORTELIUS, I 57o, (Pl. XXII), chiefly copies Mercator, but he wisely gives the four rivers the names indicated by Gastaldi. He writes the name of the lake Chyamai lacus. Gastaldi's Amuyin macin and Toloma on the north side of the lake he has changed into Amuy on the north and Toleman on the east. These places had been regarded as suspicious by Mercator, who has not marked them on the Chiamay lake. But Mercator has placed them on another, nameless lake, far to the N.E., where we find Amu and Tholoman. Ortelius has followed his example, but calls the lake Cayamai lacus. Lago de Chiamay therefore appears twice on Ortelius' map of East India.

LUDOUICUS GEORGIUS shows on his map of 1584, Pl. XXIV, the lake under the name of Chiama lacus with five effluents, joining, as usual, into four rivers, here without names. The Caor river, which on Gastaldi's map flowed W.S-W., flows here S.S-W. Gouro, obviously the ancient Gaur, is correctly placed on the Ganges, and the region of the Govros is situated between the lake and the Ganges.

The first map in LINSCOUTEN's work shows the lake as usual with four rivers but without name. On the second map, which embraces S.E. Asia, only half Chiama Lacus is seen.

HONDIUS, I61 I, Pl. XXV, has moved the lake a considerable distance to the north. Only the three eastern rivers have names, the same as those of Mercator: Cosmin, Montaban,' and Menan. On the latter is Aracam, though a province and city of the same name is also placed between the Indus and the false Ganges, at the upper course of which we find the Gouros, opposite to Caor on the Caor river. Catigan is now changed into Satagam. The city and province of Bengala is near the mouth of the Cosmin river, Ava or Irrawaddi. Verma, Burma is on the river which has taken the place of Ganges. Burma and Bengal have therefore changed places.

I The sea-port at its mouth is more correctly written Martabam.