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| Notes on Marco Polo : vol.1 |
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Citation Information
| 128. CAUGIGU | 233 |
BENEDETTO has in his Indice (452, 455) separate entries for « coturnici » and for « quaglie », I do not think that the difference in the words implies for him a difference in meaning; both words occur in F, which he followed in his translation. In the case of F's « cators, que nos apellon les grant perdris », it may be noticed that this is the only occurrence of the form « perdris » in F; in the two other cases where F speaks of partridges, it uses « pernis » (B, 27, 31), which is an italianism. So the question may be raised whether « que nos apellon les grant perdris » is not an early interpolation, analogous to the cioè contornici added in TAI, and due to a copyist who misunderstood the meaning of « cators ». In such a case, the term would simply imply quails which were fed for the Emperor's use. There is nothing impossible in this. I may add that YULE'S text relating to this subject is not complete, leaving out all the details, certainly genuine, which are to be found only in RAMUSIO.
But there is perhaps another solution. BOERIO's Dizionario del Dialetto Veneziano2, under pernise, says that this is the « common partridge » (pernice comune, or red partridge); under quagia, that it is the quaglia, or coturnice, or cotornice, viz. the quail. But, under cotcrno, we are told that this is a name used by sportsmen as a designation of the Starna maggiore or coturnice, commonly called Starna di Piacenza in Tuscany, LINNAEUS'S Tetrao rufus. Starna, not used in the Venetian dialect, is the Italian name of a kind of partridge, and I think that VB's stornelli actually represents *starnelli, « great partridges », which is also the meaning of starna maggiore, given by BoERIO as an equivalent of cotôrno. It would thus seem that cators, quatornis (in the chapter on Yazd), etc., may well have to be taken with the Venetian value of cotdrno, and, in spite of the etymology, be the designation not of the quail, but of a kind of partridge.
128. CAUGIGU
caigu Fr
cangighu, changighu, changigu changiu TA3
cangigu Ft, L, R
cauçugu, cauzugu Z caugigu F, FA, FB, P, L chaugigu TA'
cjngoj VB
gangigu [mellichac (74 ro)] V gaugigu F talugigla LT tangigu VA
I cannot see why we still. find « Cangigu » in B, 125, and Pe, 293, 378, nor why BI, 440, while now adopting « Caugigu », adds that the reading is uncertain. Ch, II, 262, is absurd. The
name, as already suspected by QUATREMERE and D'OHSSON, is evidently 3Zjlf Chiao-chih-kuo,
« Kingdom of Chiao-chih », Tonking, often so called in YS as an alternative name for An-nan (Annam, but in the sense of modern Tonking); cf. for instance YS, 10, 9 a; 11, 3 b, 4 a, etc. The etymology is confirmed by Rasidu-'d-Din's8Ç& .c Kaf jäh-guh (YI, III, 130; BI, u, 451-452, 499). « Caugigu » and « Kafjäh-guh » are Chiao-chih-kuo, just as « Çipingu » and « Jimingu » are Jih-pênkuo (see « Çipingu »). It is well known that the very old name Chiao-chih, through an intermediary Malay form, survives as the first element of our « Cochinchina » (a name which was applied to Middle Annam until the end of the 18th cent.). In 1554, Sidi 'Ali names .( Kôji (for Kôci),
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