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| Notes on Marco Polo : vol.1 |
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Citation Information
12. AIGIARUC 15
5, 2 a; cf. Ch, III, 13), the « Agiul » of Polo, is certainly, as CHARIGNON has said, the son of Uriyangqadai, son himself of the great Sübötäi. His biography is in YS, 128 (also in T'u Chi, 91). In 1253-1255, he had fought in Ytin-nan under the eyes of his father; later on, he took part in the siege of Hsiang-yang (see « Saianfu ») and in the rest of the campaign against the Sung. Early in 1276, he was sent against the rebel princes of the North, and returned victorious in the winter of the same year. Soon afterwards, he started another campaign against Qara-hô)o, in the course of which he died, at the age of 53 (« 54 » more sinico; according to YS, 11, 4 b, he died in Begbalïq, and the Court heard of his death in the beginning of 1281; his dates must thus be 12271280). His participation in the fight against Li T'an is expressly mentioned : « In the third year chung-t'ung (1262), he marched against Li T'an under the command of Prince Pai-ch'u (Baicu?) and of T'ieh-ko (*Tägä?). » On the last two names, see « Mongatai ».
12. AIGIARUC
agiaint FA aigiaruc F aygiarnne TA»
agyanie FB argialchucor LT chaizenich V
aigiarne TA' ayaruc Z
In Turkish, Aï-yaruq means « Moonshine », as Polo says, and is quite a normal name for a woman (cf. Y, II, 465-466). In TP, 1930, 272, 440, I have pointed out that the spelling of F and others seemed to be based on a pronunciation Ai-ÿaruq of « Kirghiz » type. The « Ayaruc » of Z may be a copyist's slip for «Aygiaruc ». There are in the Polian mss. other names where -i- and -gi- alternate (cf. for instance « Caraian » and «Caragian » in F), but these occur almost exclusively where there is really a -I in the original name (see « Caragian »), and I suppose it is also the case here.
Qaidu's daughter is known to Eastern writers only under her true name of Qutulun (Ha', II, 143-144; Bl, II, 9), but even with them her history has a tinge of romance, and it is quite possible that the by-name Aï-yaruq clung to her popularly. In Bl, ii, 9, j,;r' Qutulun's name is followed by a term lam- which the editor has corrected to ù~>-; so the name seems to be Qutulun Cayan, but no reason is given for the emendation; BARTHOLD, in MINAEV's Marko Polo, 315, had retained the original reading of Rasid's ms. *Qutulun Gaya. In his Appendix, however, BLOCHET (Bl, ii, App. 16) quotes from the Mu'izzu-'l-Ansâb a passage according to which Qaidu had two daughters, Qutulun Cayan and Qutucin Cayan (« Koutlough Tchaghan » of Bl, I, 165 has no value). Qutulun is a woman's name in -lun, derived from qutuq, «fortune », and of the same type as for instance Nomolun or Tämülün; Qutucin is also a feminine form derived from the same word.
To what YULE said of the life of Qutulun, it may be added that her father, suspected of loving her not as a father, finally married her to one of the high officials of his household; she had herself chosen her husband and bore him two sons (cf. BARTHOLD, loc. cit. 315; Bl, I, App. 16, where the name of Qutulun's husband is doubtful).
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