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| 0154 |
Southern Tibet : vol.7 |
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were necessary for taking us from Yarkand to the little place Tewat or Tibet in the
kingdom of Lata or Latak.»
Yefremoff dwelled some 25 days in Leh from where he went on to Kashmir.
General Stubendorff tells me that with the name Tewat or Tibet, Yefremoff also
understands the whole country in which he now travelled, though he also calls it
more specially »Tsang». General Stubendorff also believes, and rightly so, that the
high mountain Yefremoff mentions is the Kara-korum Pass.
In a long series of chapters Yefremoff describes Tewat, dealing especially with
the inhabitants and only briefly with the geography. The titles of the chapters are:
(1). Description of Tewat or Tibet (where only the names of some provinces and
neighbouring borderlands are mentioned). (2). The mountains (very short and only
giving the names of two mountains: Langur and the highest of all, Kambala); it is
curious that he only knows the mountains mentioned by the Capuchine missionaries
on their journeys to and from Lhasa! (3). Animals. (4). Minerals. (5). The people
and their religion. (6). The baptism. (7). The wedding ceremonies. (8). The burial.
(9). The faith. (10). The great holiness, corresponding to the holiness of Dalai Lama,
living on one of the islands in the lake Polte or Yamdzo or Yamiso.
Of geographical interest is the following passage: »Tibet or Tewat is a Mongolian
name. The Chinese call the country Tufan or Sitsang; the inhabitants of the country
use the expression Kiang, whereby the northern part, which borders to Hindustan,
is called Butan, and the southern has the special name Tibet — the upper part of
which is Doklo and the lower Pü. Some years ago Tibet was divided into three
parts: an upper, a central and a lower. The upper Tibet is the country of Ngari,
which by the gods has been called the country of the elephants; Central Tibet
containing the provinces Tsang, U and Kieng, was by the gods called the country
of the apes, and finally lower Tibet with the provinces of Takbo, Kongbo and
Kang, has got the name of the 'country of Prasrinma'. In the east Tibet borders
to China, in the south to Hindustan, Ava and other regions beyond the Ganges;
in the west to Kashmir and Nepal, and in the north it is the great desert Shamo,
which separates Tibet from Lille Bokhary.»¹
From Kashmir Yefremoff travelled to several places, as Delhi, Lucknow, Benares
and Calcutta. Finally he crossed the Indian Ocean in two months and six days.
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704
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773
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788
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801
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813
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833
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848
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864
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876
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888
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