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| 0732 |
Southern Tibet : vol.7 |
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only one is situated on the great water-parting. All three systems are gigantic
folds separated from one another by the lake depressions. But the Transhimalayan
fold is in a much higher degree than the two others subdivided in a series of
secondary folds forming a complicated labyrinth of ranges with secondary depressions
between them. Therefore the Transhimalaya has a very great number of secondary
passes more or less used by pilgrims, merchants, gold-diggers, officials, nomads and
hunters. In the following list I have entered 30 secondary passes which are only
the most important of those I have crossed and determined. They are arranged
chronologically as I passed them on my journey:
Chapkar-la . . . . . . . . 5326 m. Lamo-latse-la . . . . . . 5426 m.
Pongchen-la . . . . . . . 5371 » Bokar-la . . . . . . . . . 5178 »
Shib-la . . . . . . . . . . 5349 » Kinchen-la . . . . . . . . 5441 »
Chesang-la . . . . . . . . 5474 » Lamlung-la . . . . . . . 5118 »
Dangbo-la . . . . . . . . 5250 » Gyägong-la . . . . . . . 5490 »
Ta-la . . . . . . . . . . . 5436 » Damche-la . . . . . . . . 5418 »
Chumar-la . . . . . . . . 5108 » Goa-la . . . . . . . . . . 5298 »
Tarbung-la . . . . . . . . 5267 » Lungkar-la . . . . . . . . 5570 »
Bäng-la . . . . . . . . . 5237 » Chuka-la . . . . . . . . . 5320 »
Sao-lungring . . . . . . 5387 » Surla-Kemi-la . . . . . . 5832 »
Ravak-la . . . . . . . . . 5227 » Tela-mata-la . . . . . . . 5160 »
Kichung-la . . . . . . . . 5504 » Tayep-parva-la . . . . . 5452 »
Känglung-la . . . . . . . 5528 » Pu-karu-la . . . . . . . . 5278 »
Dolma-la . . . . . . . . . 5669 » Kyangyang-la . . . . . . 5157 »
Tseti-la . . . . . . . . . 5628 » Ding-la (Chargo-ding-la) 5885 »
The mean altitude of these passes is 5393 m. Five of them, viz., Dolma-la, Tseti-la,
Lungkar-la, Surla-Kemi-la, and Ding-la, are higher than the mean altitude of the passes
on the great water-parting. And two of the secondary passes, viz., Surla-Kemi-la
(5832 m.) and Ding-la or Chargo-ding-la (5885 m.), are higher than the highest passes
I ever crossed on the great water-parting; the latter being the Jukti-la (5814 m.)
and the Sangmo-bertik-la (5820 m.) The highest of all Transhimalayan passes so
far known is the Goring-la, which according to Littledale has an altitude of 5972 m.
and is situated on the great water-parting on the range of Nien-chen-tang-la.
The increasing altitude from the interior of the plateau-land towards the south
can also be observed in the heights of the peaks. On the interior ranges there are
hardly any peaks that can be compared with those of the Lunpo-gangri or Nien-chen-
tang-la. The highest peak Ryder measured north of Lhasa had an altitude of 7088 m.,
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432
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444
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467
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552
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563
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573
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593
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605
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615
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625
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635
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646
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656
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666
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681
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693
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704
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714
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726
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730
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737
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747
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758
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773
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788
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801
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813
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833
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848
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864
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876
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888
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